13 January 2013 Quiz 4

Harborne Islamic Study Circle Quiz (4) - Questions

1    Give 1 reason why mothers are so important in Islam [5 marks]
a)   

2    What are the 5 Pillars of Islam [20 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   
e)    


3    What are the 6 articles of Belief (Aqeeda) e.g., Belief in ……[24 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   
e)   
f)   
 
4    To pass exams you must
a)    Do nothing and hope to pass
b)    Prepare to pass
c)    Trust in yourself

5    Which leader of the Quraish came to Medina to negotiate extending the Treaty of Hudaibiyah
a)    Khalid bin Walid
b)    Abu Sufyan
c)    Abu Lahab

6    How many Hadith are there in Imam Nawawi’s famous book: Nawawi’s 40 Hadith?
a)    40
b)    41
c)    42
 
7    Which Muslim survivor of the Battle of Badr tried to tip the Quraish off about the Invasion of Mecca ?
a)    Muzaynah
b)    Hatib
c)    Abu Ruhm Al- Ghifari

8    What topped the Survey responses about what people want to study in the Study Circle in 2012?
a)    Life of other Prophets
b)    Music and clapping
c)    Celebrating Birthdays

9    Concerning Belief in Allah, can Allah build a wall over which He cannot jump?
a)    Yes – as Allah can do anything
b)    No – because he can’t jump it
c)    It’s a wrong question as we are trying to limit Allah
 
10    The linguistic meaning of the word Shariah is
a)     How to make laws in Islam
b)    Striving with all your effort for the sake of Allah
c)    a non-exhaustive source of water with which people satisfy their thirst.
 
11    List  5 ways of getting to Jannah (paradise) [10 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   
e)   

12    Roughly how many Surahs (chapters) of the Qur’an were revealed in Mecca (Meccan Verses)
a)    28
b)    86
c)    114

13    In the Qur’an, sometimes verses revealed later may cancel verses revealed earlier during the life of the Prophet*. This is technically known as
a)    Abrogation
b)    Abdication
c)    Annihilation

14    Fiqh has two meanings: Having the knowledge of the rulings of Shariah (Islamic Law) which are extracted from the legislative sources; or all the Islamic laws. Usul al-Fiqh refers to:
a)    The types of laws in the Shariah
b)    The rules of grammar in the Arabic language that define the meaning of the Ayah or Hadith
c)    the principles by which the scholar derives the legal rules of conduct from the specific evidences

15    When the Prophet conquered Mecca (Fatteh Mecca)
a)    There was widespread bloodshed
b)    The people of Mecca stayed in the hills for 3 days
c)    He entered peacefully thanking Allah

16    When the Prophet conquered Mecca he forgave all the people except a few on a Blacklist. Some of the main reasons for being on the blacklist were:
a)    Insulting the Prophet and leaving Islam
b)    Killing the Prophet’s Uncle (Hamzah)
c)    Fighting against the Prophet in a battle or two

17    The Treaty of Hudaibiyah was a clear victory for Islam because
a)    It made the first Islamic State a political reality
b)    The Muslims were allowed to do dawah in Mecca
c)    The Quraish could start trading again

18    When the Prophet conquered Mecca he talked about their ignorant practices (related to Jahilliyah), and then he said: 
a)    Being an Arab was inferior to other people
b)    Being and Arab was superior to non-Arabs
c)    Race didn’t matter in the Eyes of Allah

19    To convince Safwan bin Umayyah that he had been forgiven by the Prophet, Umayr took a token from the Prophet. This was the Prophet’s
a)    sandals
b)    turban
c)    cloak

20    When looking at the nature of matter, universe and Allah, which of the following is FALSE:
a)    everything we can sense is limited
b)    all things must be created
c)    the universe is unlimited

21    Concerning the Allah’s existence
a)    Allah was created by someone else
b)    Allah is eternal and self-subsistent
c)    Allah created Himself

22    Concerning our Belief in Allah, Allah commands us all to
a)    Toss a coin to see if Allah exists
b)    Just hope or have a leap of faith in Allah’s existence
c)    Have firm Conviction in belief in Allah’s existence

23    What is ‘DALEEL’
a)    the source or evidence for a thought, concept, or a ruling
b)    The anti-Christ
c)    One of the Gates of Paradise

24    Name three things you can learn from a knock on the door [6 Marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   

25    Where is Allah?
a)    Everywhere
b)    No-where
c)    On His Throne

26    What did the woman shout to Amr bin Salama when he was leading the prayer as a boy
a)    “Can you get him a nice shirt to wear”
b)    "Won't you cover the backside (bottom) of your reciter for us?"
c)    “Yo boy! You recited that verse wrong!”
 
27    How many Muslims were with the Prophet in the Conquest of Mecca
a)    1000
b)    10,000
c)    100,000
 
28    How many Muslims were with the Prophet in the Battle of Hunain
a)    1200
b)    12,000
c)    124,000

29    Who did the Prophet leave in Mecca (during Hunain) to instruct new converts in all matters that concerned the religion.
a)    Mu'adh ibn Jabal
b)    Abu Musa al-Ashari
c)    Abu Hurairah
 
30    When talking about hadith, Qur’an and Hadith Mutawatir is generally:
a)    considered Qata’i (conclusive) in its Riwayah (report / source)
b)    considered Dhanni (Non-Definite) in its Riwayah (report / source)
c)    considered less authentic than Khabar Ahad
 
31    Concerning the Shariah of Muslims
a)    Muslims should use their mind to make up their own laws based on what they think is right just as in democratic countries?
b)    Muslims shouldn’t follow something 1400 years old because it is likely to be out of date
c)    Muslims should have confidence that Allah’s Laws can still be applied today

32    In which month it is Fard/Obligatory for Muslims to fast between Dawn & sunset
a)    August
b)    Dhul-Hijjah
c)    Ramadhan
 
33    What are the main instincts in human beings
a)    Survival (self-preservation), Procreation or sexual/family, and Religiousness/worship
b)    Survival (self-preservation), eating and sleeping
c)    eating food and drink, sleeping, breathing and going to the toilet
 
34    During the Battle of Hunain (Hawazin), what did the Prophet pick up and throw at the enemy to turn the tide in favour of the Muslims
a)    A javelin
b)    A sonic screw-driver
c)    a handful of earth / dirt

35    Name 3 benefits of asking Allah for things [9 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   

36    Immediately following the victory at Hunain (Hawazin) the Muslims had
a)    Finally beaten their fear of fighting
b)    Managed to get huge spoils of war
c)    Wiped out all polytheism in Arabia

37    Which of the following weapons did the Muslims NOT USE during the Battle (Siege) of Ta'if
a)    A military vehicle (Testudo or ‘Tank’) made of wood and was covered with a thick hide
b)    A Drone
c)    A catapult

38    Regarding ‘Fasting’ in Islam, ‘Eating & Drinking’ is defined as:
a)    Putting any food or drink in the mouth
b)    the entering of only food into the throat and its swallowing only if it reaches the stomach
c)    the entering of something into the throat and its swallowing, i.e. its entering into the Gullet/Oesophagus breaks the fast without any stipulation that it reaches the stomach or lungs

39    The month of Ramadhan starts on
a)    Sighting of full moon
b)    Sighting of new moon
c)    Calculation of moon times

40    When deciding when to fast we should
a)    Always follow our local mosque
b)    Always follow what most in the community are doing
c)    Always follow the first observable sighting of the moon wherever in the world it is seen

41    Immediately after the Battle of Hunain the Helpers (Al-Ansar) were Furious at The Prophet because
a)    They thought he would stay in Mecca
b)    They didn’t get any Spoils of War
c)    The Prophet prayed for forgiveness for them and their children

42    Before the Battle of Tabuk, Ali is upset about being left in Medina because
a)    He was left with mainly hypocrites in Medina
b)    He would miss out on the Spoils of War
c)    He wasn’t made in charge of Medina

43    List 5 different Prophets with their different Miracles [15 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   
e)   

44    On the way to the Battle of Tabuk The Muslims passed by the ruins of Thamud. Which Prophet is associated with this Thamud area
a)    Saleh
b)    Aad
c)    Hud

45    Which Muslim Sahabae died alone in the desert in his old age, as was prophesised by the Prophet during the journey to Tabuk
a)    Abu Dharr
b)    Ka’b ibn Malik
c)    Abu Khaythamah

46    List (in Arabic or English) the 5 different categories of Hukm Shariah Actions [25 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   
e)   

47    What is mankind’s greatest weapon
a)    The Atom Bomb
b)    The Internet
c)    The Mind and his thoughts

48    The Battle of Tabuk was a great test for the people because
a)    It was far away and a very hot summer
b)    The Romans were not good at fighting
c)    The people of Medina needed to plant date seeds

49    What 4 things are needed to be able to THINK?
a)    The Mind (brain), The Senses (to interact or interface the two), Previous information or knowledge
b)    The Mind (brain), The Reality around us, The Senses (to interact or interface the two), Previous information or knowledge
c)    The Mind (brain), The Reality around us, The Senses (to interact or interface the two), and walking naked into a thorny bush

50    Why does Allah send us Messengers / Prophets
a)    So we can be guided to worship Allah by them
b)    So we can marvel at their miracles
c)    So we can make rude YouTube videos about them

51    Name the 3 Fundamental Questions of life (as in the Belief Pathway) [9 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   

52    If the Prophet* leads the army in a battle it is known as
a)    a Mohjiza
b)    a Sirayah
c)    a Ghazwah

53    What is the name of the Charity that we raised over £13,000 for last year
a)    Shahnam Charity
b)    Shahzadi Charity
c)    Shukran Charity

54    The sister of a rich Christian was captured in the raid on Mahallat Hatim and she begged the Prophet* to have mercy on her. Who was her brother?
a)    ‘Alqamah bin Mujazziz Al-Mudlaji
b)    Adi bin Hatim
c)    Dahhak bin Sufyan Al-Kilabi
 
55    What was Ka’b ibn Malik doing when he first heard that Allah had accepted his repentance
a)    Praying on his rooftop
b)    Out hunting for his dinner
c)    Shopping in the main Bazaar

56    Many verses in which Surah were revealed after the Battle of Tabuk
a)    Surah at-Taubah
b)    Surah al-Anfaal
c)    Surah al-Ahzab  

57    What challenge does Allah give to the enemies of Islam to disprove the Miracle of the Qur’an
a)    Bring ye a camel of gold and call (to your aid) whomsoever ye can other than God! If ye speak the truth
b)    Bring ye then ten surahs (chapters) forged, like unto it, and call (to your aid) whomsoever ye can other than God! If ye speak the truth
c)    Bring ye then a miracle of the stone, and call (to your aid) whomsoever ye can other than God! If ye speak the truth

58    Lots of leaders and tribes (delegations) became Muslim and pledged allegiance to the Prophet* and to the Islamic State. In Arabic this pledge is known as
a)    A jahilliyah
b)    A bayah
c)    A burda
 
59    Hadith Qudsi is special because
a)    It refers to aspects of Belief (Aqeeda)
b)    It is the Words of Allah but not in Qur’an
c)    It is unlikely to be fabricated / false

60    List the 4 sources of Law in Islam (Arabic or English words) [8 marks]
a)   
b)   
c)   
d)   

61    Surah Yusuf is one of the best Stories. Which lesson that we learn is NOT in this Surah:
a)    Children Respecting Parents
b)    Parents talking nicely to children
c)    Brothers are allowed to be jealous and kill each other

62    The death of the Prophet*’s Son (Ibrahim) was followed by what coincidental event
a)    Rain in the desert
b)    An eclipse
c)    An earthquake

63    Whose idea was it to officially compile the Qur’an as a written book after many Muslims died in the war against Musailima (the Liar)
a)    Abu Bakr
b)    Umer
c)    Uthman

64    What Islamic year is it now (today!)
a)    1430
b)    1432
c)    1434

65    In Sunnah / hadith, when the Prophet is silent on a matter that happens in front of him, this means that
a)    He is angry and disapproves
b)    He approves of it but it is not compulsory
c)    He wants it to be compulsory for all Muslims

66    How many Muslims were on the Farewell Pilgrimage
a)    10,000
b)    124,000
c)    268,671

67    Who did the Prophet take with himself to visit the Graves in Medina before his illness started
a)    Abu Muwayhibah
b)    Abu Bakr
c)    Al-Abbas

68    In whose house did the Prophet die
a)    Ayesha
b)    Umm Salamah
c)    Umer

69    Why did the Muslims not bury the Prophet straight after he died?
a)    Because people didn’t believe he died
b)    Because they knew it was more important to choose a Khalifah to lead the Muslims
c)    Because they couldn’t decide where to bury him

70    What were the last words of the Prophet [10 marks]
a)   

16 December 2012

Study Circle holiday for 2 weeks, to return (InshaAllah) on Sunday 6 January 2013


The Prophet*’s Final Days, Death and Burial

Survey on what to do after the Seerah:
http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/R7LJWBJ

Please complete the Online Survey:
We are about to finish the Seerah of the Prophet*, InshaAllah. What we would like to know is what topic people wanted to study after this on a regular basis in Future Circles. Please vote for which things you would like to discuss during the Circle. Or give your own suggestions. This shouldn't take more than 2 minutes (InshaAllah)
Q: What topic would you like to study after the Seerah is finished?
- Lives of the first 4 Khulafah (Caliph - Islamic Leaders) = Abu Bakr, Umer, Uthman and Ali
- Lives of the Prophets (Adam to Isa/Jesus)
- Other (please specify)

Summary
The Prophet*’s Final Days, Death and Burial:
The Prophet* gives final advice to Ummah, including:
- not making his tomb a place of worship
- being good to the Ansar (Helpers)
- no Jews or Christians should remain in Arabia
- Delegations and ambassadors be respected
- Sending out Ussama's army
- Treating the wives and slaves well
The Prophet* ordered Abu Bakr to lead the prayers
The wives of the Prophet* kept his counsel
Before death the Prophet* gave away all his wealth
The final day he briefly appears better and smiles at the Muslims who are praying
Abbas predicts his death but Ali refuses to ask for leadership
The Prophet* predicts Fatimah will die, and kisses Al-Hasan and Al-Husain
The Jewish poison from Khaibar now takes effect
The Prophet* uses miswak just before dying
In Ayesha's lap the Prophet breathes his last saying "The most exalted Companionship on high"
Umer finds is hard to believe the death
Abu Bakr reminds all that the Prophet was mortal
The Muslims agree to appoint Abu Bakr as Khalifah
Ali and the family prepare the Prophet*s body for burial and wash over his clothes
The Prophet* is buried where he died on 12 Rabi' Awwal (6 June, 632)
Thank you, Oh Allah, for helping us share in getting to know the greatest man who ever lived. Ameen

Seerah of Muhammed*
*: May the peace blessings and Mercy of Allah be upon him
TMQ: Translation to the nearest meaning of the Qur’an

The Prophet*’s Final Days: The Prophet* Gives the Ummah final advice
Five days before death On Wednesday, five days before he died the Prophet’s temperature rose so high signalling the severeness of his disease. He fainted and suffered from pain. "Pour out on me seven Qirab (water skin pots) of various water wells so that I may go out to meet people and talk to them." So they seated him in a container (usually used for washing) and poured out water on him till he said: "That is enough. That is enough." Then he felt well enough to enter the Mosque. He entered it band-headed, sat on the pulpit and made a speech to the people who were gathering together around him. He said: "The curse of Allah falls upon the Jews and Christians for they have made their Prophets’ tombs places of worship." Then he said: "Do not make my tomb a worshipped idol."
Then he offered himself and invited the people to repay any injuries he might have inflicted on them, saying: "He whom I have ever lashed his back, I offer him my back so that he may avenge himself on me. He whom I have ever blasphemed his honour, here I am offering my honour so that he may avenge himself." Then he descended, and performed the noon prayer. Again he returned to the pulpit and sat on it. He resumed his first speech about enmity and some other things. A man then said: "You owe me three Dirhams." The Prophet* asked Fadl to pay him.”
He went on saying: "I admonish you to be good to Al-Ansar (the Helpers). They are my family and with them I found shelter. They have acquitted themselves credibly of the responsibility that fell upon them and now there remains what you have to do. You should fully acknowledge and appreciate the favour that they have shown, and should overlook their faults." In another version: "The number of believers would increase, but the number of Helpers would decrease to the extent that they would be among men as salt in the food. So he who from among you occupies a position of responsibility and is powerful enough to do harm or good to the people, he should fully acknowledge and appreciate the favour that these benefactors have shown and overlook their faults." 

Four days before his death – More Advice
On Thursday, four days before his* death he said to people — though he was suffering from a severe pain: "Come here. I will cause you to write something so that you will never fall into error." Upon this Umer bin Al- Khattab said: "The Prophet* of Allah* is suffering from acute pain and you have the Qur’an with you; the Book of Allah is sufficient unto you." Others however wanted the writing to be made. When Muhammad* heard them debating over it, he ordered them to go away and leave him alone. That day he recommended three things:
1. Jews, Christians and polytheists should be expelled out of Arabia.
2. He recommended that delegations should be honoured and entertained, in a way similar to the one he used to do.
3. As for the third — the narrator said that he had forgotten it. It could have been adherence to the Holy Book and the Sunnah. It was likely to be the accomplishment and the mobilization of Ussama’s army, or it could have been performance of prayers and being attentive to slaves.
In spite of the strain of disease and suffering from pain, the Prophet* used to lead all the prayers till that Thursday — four days before he died. On that day he led the sunset prayer and recited: "By the winds (or angels or the Messengers of Allah) sent forth one after another." [TMQ 77:1]
In the evening he grew so sick that he could not overcome the strain of disease or go out to enter the Mosque. Ayesha said: The Prophet* asked: "Have the people performed the prayer?" "No. They haven’t. They are waiting for you." "Put some water in the washing pot," he said. We did what he ordered. So he washed and wanted to stand up, but he fainted. When he came round he asked again "Have the people prayed?" Then the same sequence of events took place again and again for the second and the third times from the time he washed to the time he fainted after his attempts to stand up. So he said to his wives: "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." But Ayesha feared that it would greatly pain her father to take the place of the Prophet and that people would resent Abu Bakr taking over the Prophet*’s role. "O Messenger of God," she said, "Abu Bakr is a very sensitive man, not strong of voice and much given to weeping when he reciteth the Koran." "Tell him to lead the prayer," said the Prophet, as if she had not spoken. She tried again, this time suggesting that Umer should take his place. "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the prayer," he reiterated. Ayesha had thrown a glance of appeal at Hafsah, who now began to speak, but the Prophet* silenced her with the words: " You (women) are like the women who tried to entice Joseph (Yusuf) into immorality. Convey my request to Abu Bakr to lead the prayer. Let the blamer find fault and let the ambitious aspire. God and the believers will not have it otherwise." He repeated the last sentence three times, and for the rest of his illness Abu Bakr led the prayer. Therefore he sent to Abu Bakr to lead the prayer himself. Abu Bakr then led the prayer during those days. They were seventeen prayers in the lifetime of Muhammad*.
 
A Day or Two prior to Death
On Saturday or on Sunday, the Prophet* felt that he was well enough to perform the prayer; so he went out leaning on two men in order to perform the noon prayer. Abu Bakr, who was then about to lead the prayer withdrew when he saw him coming; but the Prophet* made him a gesture to stay where he was and said: "Seat me next to him." They seated him on the left hand side of Abu Bakr. The Prophet* led the prayer, and Abu Bakr followed him and raised his voice at every Allahu Akbar’ (i.e. Allah is the Greatest) the Prophet* said, so that the people may hear clearly.
He suffered much pain in his illness, and one day when it was at its worst his wife Safiyyah said to him: "O Prophet* of God, would that I had what thou hast!" whereupon some of the other wives exchanged glances and whispered one to another that this was hypocrisy. The Prophet* saw them and said: "Go rinse your mouths." They asked him why, and he said: "For your maligning of your companion. By God, she speaketh the truth in all sincerity." Umm Ayman was in constant attendance, and she kept her son informed. He had already resolved to advance no further and to remain in his camp at Jurf until God should decide. But one morning the news was such that he came to Medina and went in tears to the Prophet, who was too ill that day to speak, though he was fully conscious. Ussama bent over him and kissed him, and the Prophet* raised his hand, palm upwards, to ask and to receive blessings from Heaven. Then he made a gesture as if to empty the contents of his hand upon Ussama, who returned sadly to his camp.
 
A Day before his Death
On Sunday, a day before he died, the Prophet* set his slaves free, paid as a charity the seven Dinars he owned and gave his weapons as a present to the Muslims. So when night fell Ayesha had to borrow some oil from her neighbour to light her oil-lantern. Even his armour was mortgaged as a security with a Jew for thirty Sa‘a (a cubic measure) of barley.
 
The Last Day Alive
The next day was Monday the twelfth of Rabi' Awwal in the eleventh year of Islam, that is, the eighth day of June in the year AD 632. Early that morning the Prophet's fever abated, and although he was exceedingly weak the call to prayer decided him to go to the Mosque. The prayer had already begun when he entered, and the people were almost drawn away from it for joy at the sight of him, but he motioned them to continue. For a moment he stood to watch them and his face shone with gladness as he marked the piety of their demeanour. Then, still radiant, he made his way forward, helped by Fadl and by Thawban, one of his freedmen. "I never saw the Prophet's face more beautiful than it was at that hour," said Anas.
The Muslims were surprised to see the Messenger of Allah* raising the curtain of Ayesha’s room. He looked at them while they were praying aligned properly and smiled cheerfully. Anas said: "The Muslims, who were praying, were so delighted that they were almost too enraptured at their prayers. The Messenger of Allah* made them a gesture to continue their prayer, went into the room and drew down the curtain." The Messenger of Allah* did not live for the next prayer time. Hence, rumours were spreading that the Prophet* was getting better. Great was the rejoicing at this apparent recovery, and not long after the prayer Ussama arrived again from his camp, expecting to find the Prophet* worse and overjoyed to find him better. "Set forth, with the blessings of God," said the Prophet. So Ussama bade him farewell, and rode back to Jurf, where he told his men to make ready for the northward march. Meantime Abu Bakr had taken leave to go as far as Upper Medina. Already before his marriage to Asma', he had long been betrothed to Habibah, the daughter of Kharijah, the Khazrajite with whom he had lodged ten years ago on his arrival in the oasis, and they had recently been married. Habibah still lived with her family at Sunh, where he now went to visit her.
Ali and 'Abbas followed them there, but did not stay long, and when they came out some men who were passing asked Ali how the Prophet* was. "Praise be to God," said Ali, "he is well." But when the questioners had gone on their way 'Abbas took Ali's hand and said: "I swear I recognise death in the face of God's Messenger, even as I have ever been able to recognise it in the faces of our clansmen. So let us go and speak with him. If his authority is to be vested in us, then we shall know it; and if in other than us, then will we ask him to commend us unto the people, that they may treat us well." But 'Ali said: "By God, I will not, for if the authority be withheld from us by him, none after him will ever give it us."
When it was daytime, the Prophet* called Fatimah and told her something in a secret voice that made her cry. Then he whispered to her something else which made her laugh. Ayesha enquired from her after the Prophet’s death, as to this weeping and laughing to which Fatimah replied: "The first time he disclosed to me that he would not recover from his illness and I wept. Then he told me that I would be the first of his family to join him, so I laughed." He gave Fatimah glad tidings that she would become the lady of all women of the world. Fatimah witnessed the great pain that afflicted her father. So she said: "What great pain my father is in!". To these words, the Prophet* remarked: "He will not suffer any more when today is over." He asked that Al-Hasan and Al-Husain be brought to him. He kissed them and recommended that they be looked after. He asked to see his wives. They were brought to him. He preached them and told them to remember Allah. Pain grew so much severe that the trace of poison he had at Khaibar came to light. It was so sore that he said to Ayesha: "I still feel the painful effect of that food I tasted at Khaibar. I feel as if death is approaching." He ordered the people to perform the prayers and be attentive to slaves. He repeated it several times.
 
The Prophet* breathes his Last
When the pangs of death started, Ayesha leant him against her. She used to say: One of Allah’s bounties upon me is that the Messenger of Allah* died in my house, while I am still alive. He died between my chest and neck while he was leaning against me. Allah has mixed his saliva with mine at his death. For ‘Abdur Rahman — the son of Abu Bakr — came in with a Siwak (i.e. the root of a desert plant used for brushing teeth) in his hand, while I was leaning the Messenger of Allah* against me. I noticed that he was looking at the Siwak, so I asked him — for I knew that he wanted it — "Would you like me to take it for you?" He nodded in agreement. I took it and gave it to him. As it was too hard for him, I asked him "Shall I soften it for you?" He nodded in agreement. So I softened it with my saliva and he passed it (on his teeth). In another version it is said: "So he brushed (Istanna) his teeth as nice as he could." There was a water container (Rakwa) available at his hand with some water in. He put his hand in it and wiped his face with it and said: "There is no god but Allah. Death is full of agonies."
As soon as he had finished his Siwak brushing, he raised his hand or his finger up, looked upwards to the ceiling and moved his lips. So Ayesha listened to him. She heard him say: "With those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace with the Prophets and the Truthful ones (As-Siddeeqeen), the martyrs and the good doers. O Allah, forgive me and have mercy upon me and join me to the Companionship on high." Then at intervals he uttered these words: "The most exalted Companionship on high. To Allah we turn and to Him we turn back for help and last abode." Again she heard him murmur: "The most exalted Companionship on high,” and these were the last words she heard him speak. Gradually his head grew heavier upon her breast, until the other wives began to lament, and Ayesha laid his head on a pillow and joined them in crying. This event took place at high morning time on Monday, the twelfth of Rabi‘ Al-Awwal, in the eleventh year of Al-Hijrah. He was sixty-three years and four days old when he died.
 
The Companions’ concern over the Prophet’s Death
The great (loss) news was soon known by everybody in Medina. Dark grief spread on all areas and horizons of Medina. Anas said: "I have never witnessed a day better or brighter than that day on which the Messenger of Allah* came to us; and I have never witnessed a more awful or darker day than that one on which the Messenger of Allah* died on." When he died, Fatimah said: "O Father, whom his Lord responded to his supplication! O Father, whose abode is Paradise. O Father, whom I announce his death to Gabriel."
 
Umer’s Attitude
Umer, who was so stunned that he almost lost consciousness and stood before people addressing them: "Some of the hypocrites claim that the Messenger of Allah* died. The Messenger of Allah* did not die, but went to his Lord in the same way as Moses bin ‘Imran did. He stayed away for forty nights, but finally came back though they said he had been dead. By Allah, the Messenger of Allah* will come back and he will cut off the hands and legs of those who claim his death."
 
Abu Bakr’s Attitude
Abu Bakr left his house at As-Sunh and came forth to the Mosque on a mare-back. At the Mosque, he dismounted and entered. He talked to nobody but went on till he entered Ayesha’s abode, and went directly to where the Messenger of Allah* was. The Prophet* was covered with a Yemeni mantle. He uncovered his face and tended down, kissed him and cried. Then he said: "I sacrifice my father and mother for your sake. Allah, verily, will not cause you to die twice. You have just experienced the death that Allah had ordained." Then he went out and found Umer talking to people. He said: "Umer, be seated." Umer refused to do so. People parted Umer and came towards Abu Bakr, who started a speech saying: "And now, he who worships Muhammad*. Muhammad is dead now. But he who worships Allah, He is Ever Living and He never dies. Allah says: ‘Muhammad is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who turns back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah, and Allah will give reward to those who are grateful.’" [TMQ 3:144]
Ibn ‘Abbas said: "By Allah, it sounded as if people had never heard such a Qur’anic verse till Abu Bakr recited it as a reminder. So people started reciting it till there was no man who did not recite it." Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that Umer had said: "By Allah, as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it, I fell down to the ground. I felt as if my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed when I heard him say it. Only then did I realize that Muhammad* had really died."
 
Selecting the next leader of the Muslim Ummah (Khalifah)
Although it is compulsory to bury the dead body of a Muslim as early as possible – ideally before sunset we notice that the Muslim community (including all the Sahabae) deferred the burial of the Prophet until after they had chosen a successor. Hence, we accept this as Ijma-as-Sahaba that it is choosing a righteous leader of the Muslims is one of the most important actions for the Ummah.
Ali had now withdrawn to his house, and with him were Zubayr and Talhah, The rest of the Emigrants gathered round Abu Bakr and they were joined by Usayd and many of his clan. But most of the Helpers, of Aws as well as Khazraj, had assembled in the hall of the Bani Sa'idah of whom Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah was chief, and word was brought to Abu Bakr and Umer that they were debating there the question as to where the authority should lie, now that the Prophet* was dead. They had gladly accepted his authority; but failing him, many of them were inclined to think that the sons of Qaylah should be ruled by none except a man of Yathrib, and it appeared that they were about to pledge their allegiance to Sa'd. Umer urged Abu Bakr to go with him to the hall, and Abu 'Ubaydah went with them. Sa'd was ill and he was lying in the middle of the hall, wrapped in a cloak. On behalf of him another of the Helpers was about to address the assembly when the three men of Quraysh entered, so he included them in his speech, which began, after praise for God, with the words: "We are the Helpers of God and the fighting force of Islam; and ye O Emigrants, are of us, for a group of your people have settled amongst us." The speaker continued in the same vein, glorifying the Helpers, and while giving the Emigrants a share of that glory, deliberately failing to recognise the unique position that they held in themselves as the first Islamic community. When he had finished Umer was about to speak, but Abu Bakr silenced him and spoke himself, tactfully but firmly, reiterating the praise of the Helpers, but pointing out that the community of Islam was now spread throughout Arabia, and that the Arabs as a whole would not accept the authority of anyone other than a man of Quraysh, for Quraysh held a unique and central position amongst them. In conclusion he took Umer and Abu 'Ubaydah each by a hand and said: "I offer you one of these two men. Pledge your allegiance to whichever of these ye will." Then another of the Helpers rose and suggested that there should be two authorities, and this led to a heated argument, until finally Umer intervened, saying: "O Helpers, know ye not that the Messenger of God ordered Abu Bakr to lead the prayer?" "We know it," they answered, and he said: "Then which of you will willingly take precedence over him?" "God forbid that we should take precedence over him!" they said, whereupon Umer seized the hand of Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him, followed by Abu 'Ubaydah and others of the Emigrants who had now joined them. Then all the Helpers who were present likewise pledged their allegiance to Abu Bakr, with the exception of Sa'd.
They spent the whole Monday there till it was night. People were so busy with their arguments that it was late night — just about dawn of Tuesday — yet his blessed body was still lying on his bed covered with an inked-garment. He was locked in the room.
Whatever they had decided in the hall, it would have been unacceptable for anyone to have led the prayers in the Mosque in Medina except Abu Bakr, so long as he was there; and the next day at dawn, before leading the prayer, he sat in the pulpit, and Umer rose and addressed the assembly, bidding them pledge their allegiance to Abu Bakr, whom he described as "the best of you, the Companion of God's Messenger, the second of two when they were both in the cave," A recent Revelation had recalled the privilege of Abu Bakr to have been the Prophet's sole Companion at this crucial moment;' and with one voice the whole congregation swore fealty to him all except 'Ali, who did so later.
Then Abu Bakr gave praise and thanks to God and addressed them, saying: "I have been given the authority over you, and I am not the best of you. If I do well, help me; and if I do wrong, set me right. Sincere regard for truth is loyalty and disregard for truth is treachery. The weak amongst you shall be strong with me until I have secured his rights, if God will; and the strong amongst you shall be weak with me until I have wrested from him the rights of others, if God will. Obey me so long as I obey God and His Messenger. But if I disobey God and his Messenger, ye owe me no obedience. Arise for your prayer, God have mercy upon you!'"

Burial and Farewell Preparations to his Honourable Body
After the prayer the Prophet's household and his family decided that they must prepare him for burial, but they were in disagreement as to how it should be done. Then God cast a sleep upon them all, and in his sleep each man heard a voice say: "Wash the Prophet* with his garment upon him." So they went to Ayesha's apartment, which for the moment she had vacated, and Aws ibn Khawli’a Khazrajite, begged leave to represent the Helpers, saying: "I adjure thee by God, O 'Ali, and by our share in His Messenger," and 'Ali allowed him to enter. 'Abbas and his sons Fadl and Qitham helped 'Ali to turn the body, while Ussama poured water over it, helped by Shuqran, one of the Prophet's freedmen, and 'Ali passed his hand over every part of the long woollen garment. "Dearer than my father and my mother," he said, "how excellent art thou, in life and in death!" Even after one day, the Prophet's body seemed to be sunken merely in sleep, except that there was no breathing and no pulse, no warmth and no suppleness.
The Companions now disagreed as to where he should be buried. It seemed to many that his grave should be near the graves of his three daughters and Ibrahim and the Companions whom he himself had buried and prayed over, in the Baqi al-Gharqad, while others thought he should be buried in the Mosque; but Abu Bakr remembered having heard him say "No Prophet* dieth but is buried where he died," so the grave was dug in the floor of Ayesha's room near the couch where he was lying. So Abu Talhah lifted the bed on which he died, dug underneath and cut the ground to make the tomb.
They shrouded him in three white Sahooli cotton cloth which had neither a headcloth nor a casing and inserted him in.
People entered the room ten by ten. They prayed for the Prophet*. The first to pray for him were people of his clan. Then the Emigrants, then the Helpers. Women prayed for him after men. The young were the last to pray. This process took Tuesday long and Wednesday night (i.e. the night which precedes Wednesday morning). Ayesha said: "We did not know that the Prophet* was being buried till we heard the sound of tools digging the ground at the depth of Wednesday night."
Great was the sorrow in the City of Light, as Medina now is called. The Companions rebuked each other for weeping, but wept themselves. "Not for him do I weep," said Umm Ayman, when questioned about her tears. "Know I not that he hath gone to that which is better for him than this world? But I weep for the tidings of Heaven which have been cut off from us." It was indeed as if a great door had been closed. Yet they remembered that he had said: "What have I to do with this world? I and this world are as a rider and a tree beneath which he takes shelter. Then he goes on his way, and leaves it behind him." He had said this that they, each one of them, might say it of themselves; and if the door had now closed, it would be open or the faithful at death. They still had in their ears the sound of his saying: "I go before you, and I am your witness. Your tryst with me is at the Pool."

Reminder
Quiz January 13th InshaAllah

No other main topic

Children's feedback:
Muslim (Palestinian) and Israeli Conflict
Amirah Foundation Charity Event

News
Another American school shooting

Homework:
REVISE for quiz - Sunday 13 January, I/A