11 November 2012

Seerah: Delegation of Musailima (the Liar)
Lots of leaders and tribes became Muslim
Many from Bani Haneefa became Muslim
Musailima al-Khathhab (the Liar) wanted to lead the Muslims after the death of the Prophet and asked for this right but the Prophet refused
The Prophet refused to kill the messengers of Musailima
Musailima then launched a war against the Muslims after the Prophet died but he was killed by the spear of Wahshi – who had killed Hamzah

Compilation of the Qur’an:
The Prophet* himself supervised and authenticated the written texts of the Qur’an after receiving a revelation by memorising then having it written down.
Order and sequence of Qur’an is divinely inspired as instructed to the Prophet* through Jibreel. The Prophet would revise the revealed Qur’an every Ramadhan.
Later the Qur’an was copied on to one common material/sheets after many Sahabae died in battle against Musailima after the death of The Prophet* by Abu Bakr.
Uthman made copies of the Qur’an (led by Zaid bin Thabit) from the original manuscript and sent these to various cities.
The original fragments of written Qur’an and the original manuscript were destroyed to protect the Qur’an.
Diacritical marks were added for non-Arabs.
Allah Himself has promised to guard the Qur’an

Seerah of Muhammed*
*: May the peace blessings and Mercy of Allah be upon him
TMQ: Translation to the nearest meaning of the Qur’an

The Delegation of Musailima (the Liar)
Bani Haneefa Delegation: They arrived in Medina in the ninth year of Al-Hijra. They were 17 in number and included the Master of Liars, Musailima bin Thumamah bin Kabeer bin Habeeb bin Harith of Bani Haneefa. The group of delegates were housed in a Helper’s house. They came to the Prophet* and declared their Islamization. As for Musailima the liar, versions vary concerning his embracing Islam. Contemplation of all these versions shows clearly that Musailima expressed disapproval and revealed haughtiness, boastful spirit and expectations to be a prince.
At first the Prophet* attempted going on well with him. He* dealt with him nicely and charitably but that did not do with him. The Prophet* perceived evil in his soul and recognized that he was one of those three evils he dreamt of while asleep. The Prophet* had already dreamt that he had been granted the treasures of earth. His hand fell upon two golden bracelets, which distressed and worried him a lot. He was taught by inspiration to blow them off, so he did that and they were gone off. They were interpreted to be two liars who would turn up after the death of Muhammad*. So when Musailima acted that way and showed disapproval, he realized that he would be one of the two liars. However Musailima used to say, "If Muhammad appointed me a successor of his, I would be a Muslim. Later on the Prophet* came to him, with a piece of palm leaf in his hand, and in the company of his orator, Thabit bin Qais bin Shammas. He was among some of his friends. The Prophet* talked to him but Musailima addressed him saying: "If you agree to transfer the whole thing to me after your death, I will not stand in your way." The Prophet* replied: "If you asked me to give you this (i.e. a piece of a palm leaf), I would not grant it to you. You are doomed. Even if you repented and stopped what you were doing, Allah appointed that you would be slain. By Allah, I swear, that I see you now in the very state that has been revealed to me. Here is Thabit! You will hear my answer (from him)." Then he went away.
Finally, the Prophet’s predictions of Musailima came true; for when Musailima returned to Yamama, he kept on thinking about the Prophet* and how he would be his partner. His dreams and thoughts went so far as to claim that he himself was a prophet. To confirm his prophecy he started uttering rhymed statements. He said that it was lawful to drink wine and commit adultery. He, however, bore witness that the Prophet* was a real Prophet. His people, who were fascinated by what he allowed them to do, followed him and made bargains with him. He grew so prominent among them that they called him the beneficent of Al-Yamama. He wrote to the Prophet* saying: "I have been appointed an associate with you, so I will have a half and Quraish will have the other half of the people’s affairs." The Prophet’s reply was a letter saying that: "Verily, the earth is Allah’s. He gives it as a heritage to whom He will of His slaves, and the (blessed) end is for the Muttaqoon (pious)." [TMQ 7:128]
On the authority of Ibn Mas‘ud, he says: When the two messengers of Musailima — Ibn An-Nawaha and Ibn Athal — came to the Prophet*, he asked them: "Do you bear witness that I am the Prophet?" Their reply was "We testify that Musailima is the Prophet." "I believe in Allah and in His Messenger," said the Prophet*, "If I had ever thought of killing a messenger I would have killed you both." Musailima’s pretence to Prophethood was in the tenth year of Al- Hijra. But he was killed in Al-Yamama war during Abu Bakr As- Siddeeq era, in Rabi‘ Al- Awwal, in the twelfth year of Al- Hijra. He was killed by Wahshi, the killer of Hamzah.
The second person who claimed to be a prophet was Al-Aswad Al- ‘Ansi who was in Yemen. He was killed by Fairuz. His head was cut off a day and a night before the Prophet’s death. So when the delegates came he told them the news that reached him through Divine Revelation. News about his death reached Abu Bakr from Yemen.

Main Topic: Compilation of the Qur’an
Compilation of the Qur’an
It has been proven by decisive and definite evidence that when the Prophet* died the whole Qur’an had been written and all of it was preserved in the hearts of the Sahabah. An verse or verses would be revealed and so he* used to order that they be written down before him at once. He* did not prevent the Muslims from writing the Qur’an other than what he used to dictate to the scribes who wrote down the revelation.
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri narrated that the Prophet* said:  “Do not write down anything from me, whosoever writes anything I have said other than the Qur’an let him erase it.” (Muslim) What the scribes used to write of the revelation was collected on sheets (Suhuf). He said:  “A Messenger from Allah, reciting purified pages (Suhuf) (of the Qur’an).” (TMQ Al-Bayyinah: 2)
 “Nay, indeed it (verses of the Qur’an) are an admonition. So whoever wills, let him pay attention to it. (It is) in Records held (greatly) in honour. Exalted (in dignity), purified. In the hands of scribes, Honourable and obedient.” (TMQ Al-Abbasa: 11-16)
An Ijma' (consensus) has taken place on the fact that all of the verses of the Qur’an in their respective chapters  had been written down directly in front of the Prophet* when the revelation was revealed to him, and that they were written on sheets (Suhuf). The greatest of Messengers died content about the Qur’an, his greatest miracle which established the proof for the Arabs and the world. He did not fear for the verses of the Qur’an that they would be lost because Allah has preserved the Qur’an with an explicit text: “Verily We: It is We Who have sent down the Zikr (the Qur’an) and surely, We will guard it (from corruption).” (TMQ Al-Hajj: 9)
Due to the preservation of the Qur’an in its written form and in the memory of the Sahabah after the death of the Messenger the Sahabah initially did not feel the need to compile the Qur’an in one book. This was the case until many of the Huffaz (memorisers of the Qur’an) had been killed in the Riddah (apostasy) wars. Due to this Umer feared for the loss of certain sheets and death of the Qurra' (Those who had committed the whole of the Qur’an to memory), thereby causing some verse to be lost. So he thought about bringing the written sheets together (in one compilation). He presented his idea to Abu Bakr who eventually accepted this and ordered for the compilation of the Qur’an.
It has been narrated by 'Ubayd b. al-Sibaq that Zayd b al-Thabit Al-Ansari said: “Abu Bakr sent for me after the (heavy) casualties among the warriors (of the battle) of Yamama (where a great number of Qurra' were killed). Umer was present with Abu Bakr who said, “Umer has come to me and said, ‘The people have suffered heavy casualties on the day of (the battle of) Yamama, and I am afraid that there will be more casualties among the Qurra' at other battle-fields, whereby a large part of the Qur’an may be lost, unless you collect it. And I am of the opinion that you should collect the Qur’an.’” Abu Bakr added, “I said to Umer, 'How can I do something which Allah's Apostle has not done?' Umer said (to me), 'By Allah, it is (really) a good thing.' So Umer kept on pressing, trying to persuade me to accept his proposal, till Allah opened my bosom for it and I had the same opinion as Umer.” Zayd b al-Thabit added: “Umer was sitting with him (Abu Bakr) and was not speaking to me. “You are a wise young man and we do not suspect you (of telling lies or of forgetfulness) and you used to write the revelation (Wahy) for Allah's Apostle. Therefore, look for the Qur’an and collect it (in one manuscript).” “By Allah, if he (Abu Bakr) had ordered me to shift one of the mountains (from its place) it would not have been harder for me than what he had ordered me concerning the collection of the Qur’an. I said to both of them, ‘How dare you do a thing which the Prophet has not done?' Abu Bakr said, 'By Allah, it is (really) a good thing. So I kept on arguing with him about it till Allah opened my bosom for that which He had opened the bosoms of Abu Bakr and Umer. So I started locating Quranic material and collecting it from parchments, scapula, leaf-stalks of date palms and from the memories of men (who knew it by heart). I found with Khuzaima two Verses of Surah Al-Tawbah which I had not found with anybody else (in terms of the written form), (and they were): “Verily, there has come unto you a Messenger from amongst yourselves. It grieves him that you should receive any injury or difficulty.” (TMQ At-Tawbah: 128) until the end of Bara’ah.”
The manuscript of the Quran which was collected, remained with Abu Bakr until Allah took him, and then with Umer during his lifetime, and finally it remained with Hafsa, Umer's daughter. Zayd's compilation of the Qur’an did not consist of what he wrote down from the Huffaz. Rather his compilation brought together what he had written himself in front of the Prophet*.
He did not place one sheet with another sheet in order to compile them unless two witnesses testified for that sheet that it was written in the presence of the Prophet*. Furthermore, he did not accept a sheet unless it met two conditions. Firstly, that it was present in written form with one of the Sahabah. Secondly, that it has been memorised by one of the Sahabah. When the written and memorised forms concurred with the sheet that was intended to be compiled, he took it, otherwise he did not accept it. That is why he refrained from taking the end of Surah al-Bara'ah until he found it in written form with Abu Khuzayma even though Zayd could himself recall and remember it. It has been narrated via Yahya b 'Abd al-Rahman b. Hatib that he said: “Umer stood up and said; whosoever has received anything of the Qur’an from the Prophet*, let him bring it forth. They used to write that on sheets, tablets and palm risp.” Ibn Hatib said: “He (Zayd) did not accept anything from anyone until two witnesses had given testimony. This shows that Zayd was not satisfied by merely finding something in a written form until the one who received it testified that he had heard it from the Prophet, despite the fact that Zayd already had it memorised. He did this due to his extreme caution.”
Thus, the process of compilation was nothing other than the bringing together of sheets that had already been written in the presence of the Prophet* into one book between two covers. The Qur’an used to be written down on sheets but they were separately kept. So Abu Bakr assembled them in one place. That is why Abu Bakr's order to compile the Qur’an was not an order to write it down in one Mushaf, rather it was an order to bring the sheets that had been written in the Messenger's presence together in one place. This was an order to make certain that they are in the same original form by supporting them with the testimonies of two witnesses that they had been written in front of the Prophet*, also that they were in the possession of the Sahabah in written form and they had memorised them. These sheets remained preserved in the possession of Abu Bakr during his life and then with Umer during his lifetime and them with Hafsa the daughter of Umer, the mother of the believers in accordance with Umer's bequest. From this it becomes clear that Abu Bakr's compilation of the Qur’an constituted only the bringing together of sheets that had been written in the presence of Allah's Messenger and it was not an actual compilation of the Qur’an.
This was regarding the compilation of Abu Bakr. As for the compilation of Uthman, in the third or some say the second year of his Khilafah, in the year 25 AH, Hudhayfa b. al-Yaman approached Uthman in Madinah at the time when the people of al-Sham and the people of Iraq were waging war to conquer Armenia and Azerbijan. Hudhayfa was afraid of the people of al-Sham and Iraq’s differences in the recitation of the Qur’an. He saw that the people of al-Sham reading according to the recitation of Ubay b. Ka'b, and they were coming with readings the people of Iraq had not heard of. Also he saw the people of Iraq reading according to the recitation of Abdullah b. Mas'ud and so they had certain readings that the people of al-Sham had not heard of. Thus, they began to charge each other of Kufr (disbelief). They both disagreed about a verse in Surah al-Baqarah.
One read: “And perform properly the hajj and 'Umra for Allah (wa atimmul hajja wal 'umrata lillah).” (TMQ Al-Baqarah: 196)
The other read: “And perform properly the hajj and 'Umra to the House (of Allah) (wa atimmul hajja wal 'umrata lil bayt).”
So Hudhayfah became angry and his eyes went red with rage. It has been narrated about Hudhayfah that he said: “The people of Kufah adhere to the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud and the people of Basra adhere to the recitation of Abu Musa. By Allah! If I go to the Leader of the Believers I will order him to make it a single recitation.” So he travelled to Uthman. It has been reported by Ibn Shihab that Anas b. Malik narrated: Hudhaifa bin al-Yaman came to Uthman at the time when the people of Sham and the people of Iraq were waging war to conquer Armenia and Azerbijan. Hudhayfa was afraid of their (the people of Sham and Iraq) differences in the recitation of the Qur’an, so he said to Uthman, “O chief of the Believers! Save this nation before they differ about the Book (Qur’an) as Jews and the Christians did before.” So Uthman sent a message to Hafsa saying, “Send us the manuscripts of the Qur’an so that we may compile the Qur’anic materials in perfect copies and return the manuscripts to you.” Hafsa sent it to Uthman. Uthman then ordered Zayd bin Thabit, 'Abd Allah b. al-Zubair, Said b. al-'As and 'Abd al-Rahman b. Harith b. Hisham to rewrite the manuscripts in perfect copies. Uthman said to the three Quraishi men, “In case you disagree with Zayd b. al-Thabit on any point in the Qur’an, then write it in the dialect of Quraish, the Qur’an was revealed in their tongue.” They did so, and when they had written many copies, Uthman returned the original manuscripts to Hafsa. Uthman sent to every Muslim province one copy of what they had copied, and ordered that all the other Qur’anic materials, whether written in fragmentary manuscripts or whole copies, be burnt. The number of copies made was seven. The seven Mushafs were sent to Mecca, al-Sham (Syria), Yemen, Bahrayn, Basra, Kufa, and one copy was kept in Madina.
Therefore, Uthman's action was not the compilation of the Qur’an. Rather it constituted in only the copying and transcription of the same thing transcribed from the Prophet* as it was. He did not do anything other than make seven copies from the preserved copy in the possession of Hafsa, mother of the believers and unite the people on this single script and forbade any other script or dictation other than it. The matter became settled on this copy as a script and dictation. It is the same script and dictation in which the sheets were written in the presence of Allah's Messenger* when the revelation was sent down, and it is the same copy which Abu Bakr had compiled. Then the Muslims began to make copies from this copy and not any other copy. Nothing remained except the Mushaf of Uthman in its script. When printers came about the Mushaf was printed from this copy with the same script and dictation.
The difference between the compilation of Abu Bakr and that of Uthman is that the compilation of Abu Bakr took place due to the fear that something would be lost from the Qur’an if any of its memorisers died out.
As even though it was written on sheets it had not been collected in one place in a single book, thus it was compiled. The compilation of Uthman took place because differences increased regarding aspects of the Qur’an when they read it due to the expansion of the language. This led some to accuse others of making an error. It was feared that the matter would escalate and become seriously worse. So the original compilation was copied seven times and sent to the different Muslim provinces. The Mushaf that we now have before us is the same Mushaf revealed to the Prophet*. It is the same Mushaf that Abu Bakr brought together when the sheets were compiled in one place. And it is the same one from which Uthman transcribed the seven copies and ordered for the rest to be burned. It is the same noble Qur’an in its verse arrangement in relation to each other and their arrangement in their respective Surahs, script and dictation.
As for the original copy dictated by the Prophet* from the revelation, those sheets were compiled together and then copied. It remained protected in the possession of Hafsa, mother of the believers until Marwan became the Wali (governor) of Medina and he tore it up. Since it was not considered binding because copies of the Mushaf had spread everywhere. Ibn Shihab narrated that Salim b. 'Abdullah b. Umer informed him: That Marwan used to send for Hafsa – i.e. when he was the Amir of Medina via Mu'awiyya - asking her for the sheets from which the Qur’an was written. She refused to give him it. Salim said: When Hafsa died, while we were returning from her burial Marwan communicated his firm decision to 'Abdullah b. Umer that he send him that mushaf. So 'Abdullah b. Umer sent it to him. Marwan ordered it to be destroyed. He said: “I did this because I feared that if it remained with people for a long time then people will have doubts regarding these sheets.”

In summary:
1. The Prophet* himself supervised and authenticated the written texts of the Qur’an that whenever the Prophet* received a revelation, he would first memorize it himself and later declare the revelation and instruct his Companions. The Prophet* would immediately ask the scribes to write down the revelation he had received, and he would reconfirm and recheck it himself. The Prophet* was an Ummi who could not read and write. Therefore, after receiving each revelation, he would repeat it to his Companions. They would write down the revelation, and he would recheck by asking them to read what they had written. Similarly he would even recheck and authenticate the portions of the Qur’an memorized by the Companions. In this way, the Qur’an was written down under the personal supervision of The Prophet*.
2. Order and sequence of Qur’an is divinely inspired. The complete Qur’an was revealed over a period of nearly 23 years portion by portion, as and when it was required. The Qur’an was not compiled by the Prophet in the chronological order of revelation. The order and sequence of the Qur’an too was Divinely inspired and was instructed to the Prophet by Allah* through archangel Jibreel. Whenever a revelation was conveyed to his companions, the Prophet* would also mention in which surah (chapter) and after which ayat (verse) this new revelation should fit.
Every Ramadhan all the portions of the Qur’an that had been revealed, including the order of the verses, were revised and reconfirmed by the Prophet with archangel Jibraeel. During the last Ramadhan, before the death of the Prophet*, the Qur’an was rechecked and reconfirmed twice. Hence, the Qur’an was compiled and authenticated by the Prophet* himself during his lifetime, both in the written form as well as in the memory of several of his Companions.
3. Later the Qur’an was copied on one common material. The complete Qur’an, along with the correct sequence of the verses, was present during the time of The Prophet*. After the death of The Prophet*, Abu Bakr ordered that the Qur’an be copied from the various different materials on to a common material and place, which was in the shape of sheets. These were tied with strings so that nothing of the compilation was lost.
4. Uthman made copies of the Qur’an from the original manuscript and sent these to various cities. Many Companions of the Prophet used to write down the revelation of the Qur’an on their own whenever they heard it from the lips of The Prophet*. However what they wrote was not personally verified by the Prophet and thus could contain mistakes. All the verses revealed to The Prophet* may not have been heard personally by all the Companions. This gave rise to disputes among Muslims regarding the different contents of the Qur’an during the period of the third Caliph Uthman. Hence, Uthman borrowed the original manuscript of the Qur’an from Hafsa and ordered four Companions who were among the scribes who wrote the Qur’an when the Prophet* dictated it, led by Zaid bin Thabit to rewrite the script in several perfect copies and these were sent to the main centres of Muslims. Two such copies of the copied text of the original Qur’an authenticated by the Prophet are present to this day, one at the museum in Tashkent in erstwhile Soviet Union and the other at the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul, Turkey.
5. Diacritical marks were added for non-Arabs. The original manuscript of the Qur’an does not have the signs indicating the vowels in Arabic script. These vowels are known as tashkil, zabar, zair, paish in Urdu and as fatah, damma and qasra in Arabic. The Arabs did not require the vowel signs and diacritical marks for correct pronunciation of the Qur’an since it was their mother tongue. For Muslims of non-Arab origin, however, it was difficult to recite the Qur’an correctly without the vowels. These marks were introduced into the Qur’anic script during the time of the fifth ‘Umayyad’ Caliph, Malik-ar-Marwan (66-86 Hijri/685-705 C.E.) and during the governorship of Al-Hajaj in Iraq.
6. Allah Himself has promised to guard the Qur’an: "We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly Guard it (from corruption)." [TMQ 15:9]

Children’s Feedback & News Topic:
Nil

Bank of Akhirah:
Parents and Children were asked to think about anything they have done over the past week purely for the sake of Allah, with Ihsaan and sincerity. Thus seeking the pleasure of Allah alone. Then put these on a piece of paper and put it in the cardboard Kaaba at the start of the next Study Circle.
Please write them anonymously.

This week some people shared the following ~ Smile at a fellow Muslim Stranger, read Qur'an, read Qaa'ida

Homework
Seerah ~ Nil
Belief ~ Name some Miracles that occurred which were not performed by Prophets or Messengers?

25 March 2012

Battle of Mutah, 41 Inclination and desires
* SURVEY ~ Future Circles for Harborne Islamic Study Circle *
Topics that the children (and adults) wanted covering in future Study Circles included Fiqh Topics, General Topics and Teenager Issues.
Please vote for which things you would like to discuss during the Circle.
Rank them according to which topic you would like to really do to the one you are least interested in.
Vote for as many or as few as you like....
This shouldn't take more than 5 minutes (InshaAllah)
Thank You.
Naveed

** The link for the Survey is http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/HJS5R9R   **
 

Seerah of Muhammed*
*: May the Peace, Blessings and Mercy of Allah be upon him
TMQ: Translation to the nearest meaning of the Qur’an

Looking after Hamzah’s Daughter - 'Umarah
One day soon after the return to Medina, the Prophet* was woken from an afternoon siesta by the sound of a somewhat heated discussion. He recognised the voices of 'Ali, Zayd and Ja'far, and it was evident that they were all three at odds with each other. It was also evident that the more they argued, the further they were from reaching an agreement. Opening the door of the room he was in, he called them to him and asked what was the cause of their dispute. They exclaimed that it was a question of honour, as to which of them had most right to be the guardian of Hamzah's daughter, who had been in 'Ali's house ever since her arrival from Mecca. "Come to me," said the Prophet, "and I will judge between you." When they were all seated he turned first to 'Ali and asked him what he had to say for himself. "She is mine uncle's daughter," he said, "and it was I who brought her out from Mecca, and I have most right to her." The Prophet* then turned to Ja'far, who said: "She’s mine uncle's daughter, and her mother's sister is in my house." His wife Asma' was 'Umarah's maternal aunt. As to Zayd, he simply said "She is my brother's daughter," for the Prophet* had made the pact of brotherhood between Hamzah and Zayd when they first came to Medina, and Hamzah had made a testament leaving Zayd in charge of his affairs. There was no doubt that each of the three was convinced that he had the best right to the honour in question. So before pronouncing his judgement the Prophet* spoke words of praise to each one of them. It was then that he said to Ja'far: "Thou art like me in looks and in character."? Not until he saw that he had made each one of them happy did he voice his decision, which was in favour of Ja'far. "Thou hast most right to her," he said. "The mother's sister is as a mother." Ja'far said nothing, but rose to his feet and circled around the Prophet* with the steps of a dancer. "Ja'far, what is this?" said the Prophet. He answered: "It is that which I have seen the Abyssinians do in honour of their kings. If ever the Negus gave a man a good reason to rejoice, that man would rise and dance about him."

‘Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah and the whale (Rizq from Allah)
The invasion of Al-Khabt (diluted yoghurt) took place in the year eight Hijri i.e. before Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty. Abu ‘Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah led three hundred horsemen to observe a caravan belonging to Quraish. Because of the inadequacy of food supplies, they began to starve so much that they had Khabt (diluted yoghurt), hence the appellation "The Army of Al-Khabt". One of the men slaughtered nine camels at three times, three each time at different stages of the mission. Abu ‘Ubaidah, the leader of the campaign prohibited him from doing so as they didn't have the means to pay back for the camels. Their rations became one date per day and they realised the value of this when the dates ran out! The sea was generous and presented them with an animal called Al-‘Anbar (sperm- whale) so rich in fat that they subsisted on it for half a month. Abu ‘Ubaida got the tallest person to ride standing up on the tallest camel and yet he could not touch to arched rib bone of the whale. When they came back home, they narrated the story to the Prophet* , who commented that it was provision granted by Allah, and asked them to share him some of its meat. This campaign came chronologically prior to Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty because of and after which the Muslims stopped intercepting Quraishi caravans.

The Battle of Mu'tah
It was the most significant and the fiercest battle during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah*, a preliminary and a prelude to the great conquests of the land of the Christians. It took place in Jumada Al-Ula 8 A.H. / September 629 A.D. Mu'tah is a village that lies on the borders of geographical Syria. The Prophet* had sent Al-Harith bin 'Umair Al-Azdi on an errand to carry a letter to the ruler of Busra. On his way, he was intercepted by Sharhabeel bin 'Amr Al-Ghassani, the governor of Al-Balqa' and a close ally to Caesar, the Byzantine Emperor. Al-Harith was tied and beheaded by Al- Ghassani. Killing envoys and messengers used to be regarded as the most awful crime, and amounted to the degree of war declaration. The Prophet* was shocked on hearing the news and ordered that a large army of 3000 men be mobilized and despatched to the north to discipline the transgressors. It was the largest Muslim army never mobilized on this scale except in the process of the Confederates Battle.
Zayd bin Haritha was appointed to lead the army. Ja'far bin Abi Talib would replace him if he was killed, and 'Abdullah bin Rawaha would succeed Ja'far in case the latter fell. A white banner was raised and handed over to Zayd. The Prophet* recommended that they reach the scene of Al-Harith's murder and invite the people to profess Islam. Should the latter respond positively, then no war would ensue, otherwise fighting them would be the only alternative left. He ordered them: "Fight the disbelievers in the Name of Allah, neither breach a covenant nor entertain treachery, and under no circumstances a new-born, woman, an ageing man or a hermit should be killed; moreover neither trees should be cut down nor homes demolished." At the conclusion of the military preparations, the people of Medina gathered and bade the army farewell. 'Abdullah bin Rawaha began to weep at that moment, and when asked why he was weeping, he swore that it was not love for this world nor under a motive of infatuation with the glamour of life but rather the Words of Allah speaking of Fire that he heard the Prophet* reciting: "There is not one of you but will pass over it (Hell); this is with your Lord, a Decree which must be accomplished." [19:71]
The Muslim army then marched northward to Ma'an, a town bordering on geographical Syria. There news came to the effect that Heraclius had mobilized a hundred thousand troops together with another hundred thousand men of Lakham, Judham and Balqain - Arabian tribes allied to the Byzantines. The Muslims, on their part had never thought of encountering such a huge army. They were at a loss about what course to follow, and spent two nights debating these unfavourable conditions. Some suggested that they should write a letter to the Prophet* seeking his advice. 'Abdullah bin Rawaha was opposed to them being reluctant and addressed the Muslims saying: "I swear by Allah that this very object which you hold in abhorrence is the very one you have set out seeking, martyrdom. In our fight we don't count on number of soldiers or equipment but rather on the Faith that Allah has honoured us with. Dart to win either of the two, victory or martyrdom." In the light of these words, they moved to engage with the enemy in Masharif, a town of Al-Balqa', and then changed direction towards Mu'tah where they encamped. The right flank was led by Qutba bin Qatadah Al-'Udhari, and the left by 'Ubadah bin Malik Al-Ansari. Bitter fighting started between the two parties, three thousand Muslims against an enemy fiftyfold as large.
Zayd bin Haritha, the closest to the Messenger's heart, assumed leadership and began to fight tenaciously and in matchless spirit of bravery until he fell, fatally stabbed. Ja'far bin Abi Talib then took the banner and did a miraculous job. In the thick of the battle, he dismounted, hamstrung his horse and resumed fighting until his right hand was cut off. He seized the banner with his left hand until this too was gone. He then clasped the banner with both arms until a Byzantine soldier struck and cut him into two parts. he was posthumously called "the flying Ja'far" or "Ja'far with two wings" because Allah has awarded him two wings to fly wherever he desired there in the eternal Garden. Al-Bukhari reported fifty stabs in his body, none of them in the back. 'Abdullah bin Rawaha then proceeded to hold up the banner and fight bravely on his horseback while reciting enthusiastic verses until he too was killed.
Thereafter, a man, from Bani 'Ajlan, called Thabit bin Al-Arqam took the banner and called upon the Muslims to choose a leader. The honour was unanimously granted to Khalid bin Al-Waleed, a skilled brave fighter and an outstanding strategist. It was reported by Al-Bukhari that he used nine swords that broke while he was relentlessly and courageously fighting the enemies of Islam. He, however, realizing the grave situation the Muslims were in, began to follow a different course of encounter, revealing the super strategy-maker, that Khalid was rightly called. He reshuffled the right and left flanks of the Muslim army and introduced forward a division from the rear in order to cast fear into the hearts of the Byzantine by deluding them that fresh reinforcements had arrived. The Muslims engaged with the enemies in sporadic skirmishes but gradually and judiciously retreating in a fully organized and well-planned withdrawal.
The Prophet*received instant news of the battle through the Angels. As the Prophet*described the battle the tears were flowing down his cheeks, and when the time came for the prayer he led it and immediately withdrew from the Mosque instead of turning to face the congregation as was his wont. He did the same again at sunset, and yet again after the night prayer.
Meantime he had been to the house of Ja'far. "O Asrna'," he said, "bring me Ja'far's sons." With some misgivings at the gravity of his face she fetched the three boys. The Prophet*kissed them, and then again his eyes filled with tears and he wept. "O Messenger of God," she said, "dearer than my father and my mother, what makes you weep? Hath news reached thee of Ja'far and his companions?" "Even so," he said. "They were struck down this day." She uttered a cry of lamentation, and women hastened to her side. The Prophet*returned to his house, and ordered food to be prepared for the family of Ja'far during the next days. "Their grief doth busy them", he said, "beyond caring for their own needs." Umm Ayman and Usamah and the rest of Zayd's family were in his house. He had already condoled with them; and as he returned, Zayd's little daughter came out into the street in tears, and seeing him she ran into his arms. He now wept unrestrainedly, and as he clasped the child to him his body shook with sobs. Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah happened to pass by at that moment and searching in himself for words of comfort, he murmured: "O Messenger of God, what is this?" "This," said the Prophet*, "is one who loveth yearning for his beloved." That night the Prophet*had a vision of Paradise, and he saw that Zayd was there, and Ja'far and 'Abd Allah and the other martyrs of the battle; and he saw Ja'far flying with wings like an Angel. At dawn he went to the Mosque; his Companions sensed that the weight of his sorrow had left him; and after the prayer he turned as usual to face the congregation. Then he went again to Asrna', to tell her of his vision; and she was greatly consoled.
The Byzantines, seeing this new strategy, believed that they were being entrapped and drawn in the heart of the desert. They stopped the pursuit, and consequently the Muslims managed to retreat back to Medina with the slightest losses. The Muslims sustained twelve martyrs, whereas the number of casualties among the Byzantines was unknown although the details of the battle point clearly to a large number. Even though the battle did not satisfy the Muslims' objective, namely avenging Al-Harith's murder, it resulted in a far-ranging impact and attached to the Muslims a great reputation in the battlefields. The Byzantine Empire, at that time, was a power to be reckoned with, and mere thinking of antagonizing it used to mean self-annihilation, let alone a three-thousand-soldier army going into fight against 200,000 soldiers far better equipped and lavishly furnished with all luxurious conveniences. The battle was a real miracle proving that the Muslims were something exceptional not then familiar. It is said that only 12 Muslims died in the battle.

Hadith 41 (of Nawawi's Forty Hadith)
Hadith 41: Inclinations and Desires according to Islam
Abu Muhammad 'Abdullah bin Amr bin al-'As reported that the Messenger of Allah*, said: "None of you (truly) believes until his desire or inclination is in accordance with what I have brought or subservient to what I came with." [al-Maqdidsi]
This hadith is similar to His statement   "But no, by your Lord, they can have no Faith [Iman] until they make you (O Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them" [Surah an-Nisaa', 65].   In Surah al-Ahzab Ayah 36, Allah says: It is not for a believer, man or woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decreed a matter that they should have any option in their decision.
The reason for the revelation of the first ayah, as related by al-Bukhari, was as follows :  Az-Zubair had a quarrel with a man from amongst the Ansar over the use of water from a stream, so they both went to the Messenger of Allah* for judgement between them. So he* said: "O Zubair, irrigate your land and then let the water flow to [the land of] your neighbour." Through this, he* encouraged az-Zubair to pardon his neighbour and to make affairs easy for him. However, the Ansari then said : "[You have judged in his favour] because he is the son of your uncle". So the colour of the face of the Messenger of Allah* changed [from anger], and he said : "O Zubair, hold back the water [in your land] until it rises to the level of the stems [of the trees], and then let it flow [to your neighbours land]". And by this the Messenger of Allah* indicated to az-Zubair the means by which the Ansari could be corrected from his error [of not submitting to the judgement of the Prophet*].
And it has been authenticated from the Prophet* in another hadith that he* said : "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, none of you believes until I am more beloved to him than his father or child or the whole of mankind". Abu az-Zinaad said that this is from the Comprehensive Speech of the Prophet*, as he has combined in these few, simple words great meaning and import. This is so since the types of Love are three: the Love which arises from a feeling of respect and greatness, such as the Love of ones parents; the Love which arises from compassion and mercy, such as the Love of ones child; and the Love which arises from seeing in another [person] traits which are similar to ones own, such as the Love of the whole of mankind in general. Thus all the types of Love have been enumerated [by the Prophet* in this hadith].
And the import of the hadith is that one must not surrender ones soul to [any person] other than the Messenger*. And the Companions used to be alongside the Prophet* in fighting their own fathers and sons and brothers [who were polytheists], and Abu 'Ubaydah killed his own father due to his harming the Messenger of Allah*. And on the Day of Badr, Abu Bakr faced his own son, 'Abd-ur-Rahmaan, in the hope that he would be able to overcome him and kill him. So whosoever finds similar to this in his self then he can be assured that his desires are subservient to that which the Prophet* brought.
It is an obligation on every single believer to love what Allah loves and to hate what Allah hates to a degree that will motivate them to fulfill his or her obligations. If that love is increased above the level which will lead to fulfilling the preferable acts (mandoub), this is considered an additional preferable level. At the same time, he should hate or dislike what Allah hates or dislikes to the extent that will lead him to avoid all the prohibitions. If that level leads him to avoid what needs to be avoided, then that is an additional level that Allah will reward him for.
In the two Sahihs of Al-Bukhari and Muslim it is related that the Prophet*, said: "None of you will be truly a believer until I become more beloved to him than himself, his children, his family, and all the people." The true love necessitates that one has to follow whatever has been commanded by Allah and the Prophet*, as stated in Surah al-Imran Ayah 31-32: Say (O Muhammad*): "If you (really) love Allah then follow me, Allah will love you and forgive your sins. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." Say (O Muhammad*): "Obey Allah and the Messenger." But if they turn away, then Allah does not like the disbelievers.
The true believer is one who loves Allah and the Prophet*, truly and sincerely from his or her heart, and loves whatever Allah loves and whatever the Prophet*, loves, and hates whatever Allah hates and whatever the Prophet*, hates or dislikes. This love will lead him to act in accordance with these likes and dislikes. If someone acts in a different way, the obligatory love to Allah and the Prophet*, is not complete and has a defect. In this case, he has to repent and do his best to fulfill all the obligatory levels to achieve complete love to Allah and towards His Prophet*. All the sins or disobedience that take place as a result of desires happen because self-desire is given a higher degree or outweighs the love of Allah and the love of the Prophet*. Allah attributes this in the Qur'an to the disbelievers. In Surah al-Qasas Ayah 50, Allah says: But if they answer you not, then know that they only follow their own lusts. And who is more astray than the one who follows his own lusts, without guidance from Allah?
Allah also commanded one of his Prophets not to follow his desires. In Surah Saad Ayah 26, Allah says: And follow not your desire, for it will mislead you from the Path of Allah. Allah has made restraining desires one of the conditions to be fulfilled in order to enter Paradise. Allah says in Surah al-Nazi'at Ayah 40-41: But as for him who feared standing before his Lord, and restrained himself from impure evil desires and lusts. Verily, Paradise will be his abode.
Anyone who does anything that contradicts with the Message that Allah sent His Prophet*, with and violates any of the instructions or prohibitions, is a person who is following his own desires. It should be noted that desire has to do with likes and dislikes. Likes and dislikes are not the main goal. Scholars say that the main point here is not to be influenced by those likes or dislikes. If someone likes something that violates the shari'ah, this person is following his own desires. If that person is influenced by those likes or dislikes, this will lead to an act. The act will lead to forms of actions which either pleases or displeases Allah. In both cases, the person has full responsibility and accountability. The responsibility and accountability are not for the likes or dislikes. They are for what the likes or dislikes lead him to. It is known that following the desires is the reason behind many evil acts and it is also the basis for bid'ah (heresy). When someone follows his desires without evidence or truth, this will lead him to fall into bid'ah easily. And those who are misled by their desires are the first to follow misconceptions, as stated by many scholars. Whenever there is a misconception they easily fall into problems or troubles.
Muslims must be sincere in their efforts to fight self-desires. The issue is not to like or dislike but what the result of this likes or dislikes is. For instance, if someone is sleeping before dawn in the early morning and then he hears the call for Fajr prayer but is too lazy or sleepy to wake up to perform the salah, this is considered following his self-desires. Everyone likes to sleep but the problem is the result of this leads us to delay or miss the Fajr prayer ( a wajibat). Another example is food. There are many things that we can eat but if they are not halal, we have to refrain from consuming them. A third example is the love of money. To like money is one thing but to be misled by money is a problem because this will lead the heart to be enslaved to money and the worldly life. This explains why the scholars say that committing sins is actually a result of desires. We should make the shari'ah as the judging authority for everything we do. Before we do something, we should ask ourselves: Is this act based on a sound reason? If the answer is not, then we are following the desires. This is why Allah labels the Qur'an as Al-Furqan or as the criterion that distinguishes what is right and what is wrong.
Tips to Control your Desires
There are signs of following desires. One of the signs is neglecting or turning away from seeking beneficial 'ilm (the needed knowledge of Islam). Another sign of following desires is turning one's back from the guidance that the Prophet*, has come with. One scholar mentions that the objective of shari'ah is to keep Muslims away from desires so that the believer will be a servant to Allah willingly and become an honest servant of Allah. He also states that following one's desires with regard to the rulings of shari'ah is a problematic issue where a person might use tricks to fulfill his desires, using deception in order to evade the rulings of shari'ah. With regards to how one can control and deal with one's desires, firstly Al-Imam Al-Shatibi says that the main thing is to make the law of shari'ah and its rulings as a judging authority that every Muslim should respect, appreciate, and comply with. Secondly, some other scholars mention feeling Allah's presence, seeking knowledge, and the continuance remembrance of Allah are the ways of controlling self-desires. Thirdly, Imam Ibn Qayyim mentions about 50 ways of dealing with self-desires. Even those who are already influenced by self-desire can use any of these ways to get rid of their self-desires. He mentions this in his book Rawdat al-Muhebin (Garden of Lovers). The following are 15 selected ways:
1. Strong resolution.
2. Patience.
3. Self-courage.
4. Considering consequences.
5. Reflecting that Muslims have been created for a great mission which cannot be fulfilled except by controlling one's desires.
6. Not to be enslaved by self-desires.
7. To know that Satan is the enemy that gets through the servants of Allah. Satan uses desires to influence people.
8. To know that following self-desires will lead to someone's destruction and punishment by Allah.
9. To know that fighting desires by making an effort in order not to be influenced by the desires is one of the greatest forms of jihad. Fighting desires is the essential message of Islam. Muslims are required to make every effort to adhere to the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah.
10. To know that the one who lets the desires take over and lead him will spoil his intellectual opinion.
11. To know that following desires will weaken the eagerness for performing good deeds. The opposite is also true in this case - that is, not following desires leads to strengthening one's motivation to perform good deeds.
12. To know that not being misled by desires will lead to the honour in this life and the Hereafter.
13. To know that following desires is the main cause of the spiritual heart disease and the remedy of the disease is to not follow desires. We have to make jihad to fight desires otherwise we will not be able to fight our enemies.
14. To know that seeking knowledge and feeding it by performing the preferable acts will strengthen one's faith.
15. To know that we need to be enlightened by the Qur'an and Sunnah. This requires us to make the effort to recite the Qur'an in order to know the meaning and the wisdom behind the ayahs.

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06 March 2011

06 March 2011

Seerah of Muhammed*
*: May the Peace, Blessings & Mercy of Allah be upon him
TMQ: Translation to the nearest meaning of the Qur’an

Surah al-Imran (verses related to Uhud in Qur'an)

And (remember) when you (Muhammad SAW) left your household in the morning to post the believers at their stations for the battle (of Uhud). And Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower (121) When two parties from among you were about to lose heart, but Allah was their Walî (Supporter and Protector). And in Allah should the believers put their trust. (122) And Allah has already made you victorious at Badr, when you were a weak little force. So fear Allah much that you may be grateful. (123) (Remember) when you (Muhammad SAW) said to the believers, "Is it not enough for you that your Lord (Allah) should help you with three thousand angels; sent down?" (124) "Yes, if you hold on to patience and piety, and the enemy comes rushing at you; your Lord will help you with five thousand angels having marks (of distinction)." (125)

Allah made it not but as a message of good news for you and as an assurance to your hearts. And there is no victory except from Allah, the All-Mighty, the All-Wise. (126) That He might cut off a part of those who disbelieve, or expose them to infamy, so that they retire frustrated. (127) Not for you (O Muhammad SAW, but for Allah) is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardons) them or punishes them; verily, they are the Zâlimûn (polytheists, disobedients, and wrong-doers). (128) And to Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. He forgives whom He wills, and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. (129)

O you who believe! Eat not Ribâ (usury) doubled and multiplied, but fear Allah that you may be successful. (130) And fear the Fire, which is prepared for the disbelievers. (131) And obey Allah and the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) that you may obtain mercy. (132) And march forth in the way (which leads to) forgiveness from your Lord, and for Paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for Al-Muttaqûn (the pious - see V.2:2). (133) Those who spend [in Allah's Cause] in prosperity and in adversity, who repress anger, and who pardon men; verily, Allah loves Al-Muhsinûn (the good - doers). (134) And those who, when they have committed Fahishah (illegal sexual intercourse) or wronged themselves with evil, remember Allah and ask forgiveness for their sins; - and none can forgive sins but Allah - And do not persist in what (wrong) they have done, while they know.. (135) For such, the reward is Forgiveness from their Lord, and Gardens with rivers flowing underneath (Paradise), wherein they shall abide forever. How excellent is this reward for the doers (who do righteous deeds according to Allah's Orders). (136)

Many similar ways (and mishaps of life) were faced by nations (believers and disbelievers) that have passed away before you (as you have faced in the battle of Uhud), so travel through the earth, and see what was the end of those who disbelieved (in the Oneness of Allah, and disobeyed Him and His Messengers). (137) This (the Qur'ân) is a plain statement for mankind, a guidance and instruction to those who are Al-Muttaqûn (the pious - see V.2:2). (138) So do not become weak (against your enemy), nor be sad, and you will be superior (in victory) if you are indeed (true) believers. (139) If a wound (and killing) has touched you, be sure a similar wound (and killing) has touched the others. And so are the days (good and not so good), We give to men by turns, that Allah may test those who believe, and that He may take martyrs from among you. And Allah likes not the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong¬doers). (140)

And that Allah may test (or purify) the believers (from sins) and destroy the disbelievers (141) Do you think that you will enter Paradise before Allah tests those of you who fought (in His Cause) and (also) tests those who are As-Sâbirun (the patient)? (142) You did indeed wish for death (Ash¬Shahâdah - martyrdom) before you met it. Now you have seen it openly with your own eyes. (143) Muhammad (SAW) is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who turns back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah, and Allah will give reward to those who are grateful. (144) And no person can ever die except by Allah's Leave and at an appointed term. And whoever desires a reward in (this) world, We shall give him of it; and whoever desires a reward in the Hereafter, We shall give him thereof. And We shall reward the grateful. (145)

And many a Prophet (i.e. many from amongst the Prophets) fought (in Allah's Cause) and along with him (fought) large bands of religious learned men. But they never lost heart for that which did befall them in Allah's Way, nor did they weaken nor degrade themselves. And Allah loves As-Sâbirun (the patient). (146) And they said nothing but: "Our Lord! Forgive us our sins and our transgressions (in keeping our duties to You), establish our feet firmly, and give us victory over the disbelieving folk." (147) So Allah gave them the reward of this world, and the excellent reward of the Hereafter. And Allah loves Al-Muhsinûn (the good-doers - see the footnote of V.3:134 and of V.9:120). (148)

O you who believe! If you obey those who disbelieve, they will send you back on your heels, and you will turn back (from Faith) as losers. (149) Nay, Allah is your Maulâ (Patron, Lord, Helper and Protector), and He is the Best of helpers. (150) We shall cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve, because they joined others in worship with Allah, for which He had sent no authority; their abode will be the Fire and how evil is the abode of the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong¬doers). (151) And Allah did indeed fulfil His Promise to you when you were killing them (your enemy) with His Permission; until (the moment) you lost your courage and fell to disputing about the order, and disobeyed after He showed you (of the booty) which you love. Among you are some that desire this world and some that desire the Hereafter. Then He made you flee from them (your enemy), that He might test you. But surely, He forgave you, and Allah is Most Gracious to the believers. (152) (And remember) when you ran away (dreadfully) without even casting a side glance at anyone, and the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) was in your rear calling you back. There did Allah give you one distress after another by way of requital to teach you not to grieve for that which had escaped you, nor for that which had befallen you. And Allah is Well¬Aware of all that you do. (153)

Then after the distress, He sent down security for you. Slumber overtook a party of you, while another party was thinking about themselves (as how to save their ownselves, ignoring the others and the Prophet SAW) and thought wrongly of Allah - the thought of ignorance. They said, "Have we any part in the affair?" Say you (O Muhammad SAW): "Indeed the affair belongs wholly to Allah." They hide within themselves what they dare not reveal to you, saying: "If we had anything to do with the affair, none of us would have been killed here." Say: "Even if you had remained in your homes, those for whom death was decreed would certainly have gone forth to the place of their death," but that Allah might test what is in your breasts; and to purify that which was in your hearts (sins), and Allah is All¬Knower of what is in (your) breasts. (154) Those of you who turned back on the day the two hosts met (i.e. the battle of Uhud), it was Shaitân (Satan) who caused them to backslide (run away from the battlefield) because of some (sins) they had earned. But Allah, indeed, has forgiven them. Surely, Allah is Oft¬Forgiving, Most Forbearing. (155)

O you who believe! Be not like those who disbelieve (hypocrites) and who say to their brethren when they travel through the earth or go out to fight: "If they had stayed with us, they would not have died or been killed," so that Allah may make it a cause of regret in their hearts. It is Allah that gives life and causes death. And Allah is All¬Seer of what you do. (156) And if you are killed or die in the Way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass (of worldly wealths). (157) And whether you die, or are killed, verily, unto Allah you shall be gathered. (158) And by the Mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh¬hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pass over (their faults), and ask (Allah's) Forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him). (159) If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; and if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you? And in Allah (Alone) let believers put their trust. (160)

It is not for any Prophet to take illegally a part of booty (Ghulul), and whosoever deceives his companions as regards the booty, he shall bring forth on the Day of Resurrection that which he took (illegally). Then every person shall be paid in full what he has earned, - and they shall not be dealt with unjustly. (161) Is then one who follows (seeks) the good Pleasure of Allah (by not taking illegally a part of the booty) like the one who draws on himself the Wrath of Allah (by taking a part of the booty illegally - Ghulul)? - his abode is Hell, - and worst, indeed is that destination! (162) They are in varying grades with Allah, and Allah is All¬Seer of what they do. (163) Indeed Allah conferred a great favour on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger (Muhammad SAW) from among themselves, reciting unto them His Verses (the Qur'ân), and purifying them (from sins by their following him), and instructing them (in) the Book (the Qur'ân) and Al¬Hikmah [the wisdom and the Sunnah of the Prophet SAW (i.e. his legal ways, statements, acts of worship)], while before that they had been in manifest error. (164) (What is the matter with you?) When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us?" Say (to them), "It is from yourselves (because of your evil deeds)." And Allah has power over all things. (165)

And what you suffered (of the disaster) on the day (of the battle of Uhud when) the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah, in order that He might test the believers. (166) And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the Way of Allah or (at least) defend yourselves." They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you." They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to Faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal. (167) (They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed." Say: "Avert death from your ownselves, if you speak the truth." (168) Think not of those who are killed in the Way of Allah as dead. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision- (169) They rejoice in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His Bounty, rejoice for the sake of those who have not yet joined them, but are left behind (not yet martyred) that on them no fear shall come, nor shall they grieve. (170) They rejoice in a Grace and a Bounty from Allah, and that Allah will not waste the reward of the believers. (171)

Those who answered (the Call of) Allah and the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) after being wounded; for those of them who did good deeds and feared Allah, there is a great reward. (172) Those (i.e. believers) unto whom the people (hypocrites) said, "Verily, the people (pagans) have gathered against you (a great army), therefore, fear them." But it (only) increased them in Faith, and they said: "Allah (Alone) is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs (for us)." (173) So they returned with Grace and Bounty from Allah. No harm touched them; and they followed the good Pleasure of Allah. And Allah is the Owner of Great Bounty. (174) It is only Shaitân (Satan) that suggests to you the fear of his Auliyâ' [supporters and friends (polytheists, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger, Muhammad SAW)], so fear them not, but fear Me, if you are (true) believers. (175)

And let not those grieve you (O Muhammad SAW) who rush with haste to disbelieve; verily, not the least harm will they do to Allah. It is Allah's Will to give them no portion in the Hereafter. For them there is a great torment. (176) Verily, those who purchase disbelief at the price of Faith, not the least harm will they do to Allah. For them, there is a painful torment. (177) And let not the disbelievers think that Our postponing of their punishment is good for them. We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness. And for them is a disgracing torment. (178) Allah will not leave the believers in the state in which you are now, until He distinguishes the wicked from the good. Nor will Allah disclose to you the secrets of the Ghaib (unseen), but Allah chooses of His Messengers whom He wills. So believe in Allah and His Messengers. And if you believe and fear Allah, then for you there is a great reward. (179)

Assassination of Asadullah (the Lion of Allah) and Master of the Martyrs: Hamzah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib:

Hamzah’s assassin, Wahshi bin Harb, described how he killed Hamzah. He said: “I was a slave working to Jubair bin Mut‘im, whose paternal uncle Tu‘aimah bin ‘Adi was injured at Badr Battle. So when Quraish marched to Uhud, Jubair said to me: ‘If you kill Hamzah, the uncle of Muhammad, stealthily you shall be manumitted.’ ”

“So I marched with the people to Uhud.” He used to describe himself as, “I am a picaro good at spearing.” “So when the two parties fought, I set out seeking Hamzah. I saw him amidst people fighting. He was like a white and black striped camel, striking severely with his sword and no one could stand on his way. By Allah! When I was getting ready and trying to seize the fit opportunity to spear him, hiding sometimes behind a tree or a rock hoping that he might draw nearer and be within range — at that moment I caught sight of Siba‘ bin ‘Abd Al-‘Uzza going closer towards him. When Hamzah observed him, he said: ‘Come on!’. Then he struck one strong stroke that could hardly miss his head.”

Wahshi said: “Then I balanced my spear and shook it till I was content with it, then I speared him and it went down into his stomach and issued out between his legs. He attempted moving towards me but he was overcome by his wound. I left him there with the spear in his entrails till he died. Then I came to him, pulled out my spear and returned to the encampment place. I stayed there and did not go out, for he was the only one I sought. I only killed him to free myself. So as soon as I got back to Makkah, I became a free man.”

The Story of Wahshi

Wahshi relates his story of conversion: "After the Battle of Uhud, I continued to live in Makkah for quite a long time until the Muslims conquered Makkah. I then ran away to Ta'if, but soon Islam reached that area as well. I heard that however grave the crime of a person might be, [Muhammad] forgave him. I, therefore, reached [Muhammad] with Shahadatayn on my lips. Muhammad saw me and said "Are you the same Wahshy, the Ethiopian?" I replied in the affirmative. Thereupon he said: "How did you kill Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib?" I gave an account of the matter. Muhammad was moved and said: "I should not see your face until you are resurrected, because the heart-rending calamity fell upon my uncle at your hands".

Wahshi says: "So long as Muhammad was alive I kept myself hidden from him. After his death the battle with Musaylimah took place. I joined the army of Islam and used the same weapon against Musaylimah and succeeded in killing him with the help of one of the Ansar. If I killed the best of men (Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib) with this weapon, the worst man, too, did not escape its terror."

Hadith

Hadith 23 of Nawawi's 40 Hadith:

On the authority of Abu Malik al-Harith bin 'Asim al-Ash'ari who said: The Messenger of Allah* said: "Purification is half of iman (faith). Saying 'Al-Hamdulillah' (Praise be to Allah) fills the scales. Saying 'Subhanallah wa al-Hamdulillahi' (Exhalted be Allah and Praise be to Allah) fills the space between the heavens and the earth. Salah (prayer) is a light. Sadaqah (charity) is a proof. Sabr (patience) is a shining glory. The Qur'an is an argument either for you or against you. Everybody goes out in the morning and sell themselves, thereby setting themselves free or destroying themselves."  [Muslim]

This hadith is a Principle from amongst the Principles of Islam, and it encompasses within it many important matters and fundamental principles of the Deen.

Purity

As for 'Purity' then what is intended here is the action. There are different views and interpretations of the term 'al-tuhur' or purification. He says that some scholars have interpreted al-tuhur as to mean 'avoiding sins'. Others say that wudu' or ablution is a 'half of iman'. The term shatr or "half" (as mentioned in the sentence: "Purification is half of iman") also had different interpretations among the scholars: shatr means "part" and not "half; al-tuhur means the reward of ablution will be multiplied to the half of the reward of iman; iman nullifies all major sins while wudu' nullifies minor sins. So in this regard, wudu' is equal to half of iman; al-tuhur means iman along with wudu' eliminate and nullify sins; the meaning of iman in the hadith is salah (prayer) as mentioned in the Qur'an, in Surah al-Baqarah, Ayah 143. In this ayah Allah called salah 'iman' and the salah will not be accepted unless there is a wudu'. So that is why ablution can be considered as half of salah; or indeed the parts that constitute iman such as words and actions are all to purify and clean the heart or the inner parts of the body. And there is also a purification of the external body by using water and ablution and this is specific to the body only. Hence, there are two divisions of iman; the first division purifies the heart and the internal body and the second division purifies and cleans the external body. So in this regard, both divisions are two equal parts of iman."

Praise be to Allah

And as for his* statement "'al-Hamdu lillah' [Praise be to Allah] fills the scales" then its meaning is that due to the great reward for reciting the Praise of Allah, the scale of good deeds of the worshipper is filled. And it is apparent from the texts of the Qur'an and the Sunnah that the deeds of the slave will be weighed on the Day of Judgement, and will either be heavy or light.

Glory be to Allah

And similar to this is his* statement "and 'SubhanAllah' [Glory be to Allah - How far is Allah from every imperfection] and 'al-Hamdu lillah' fill that which is between heaven and earth" and the reason for its great virtue is that it combines within it the denial for Allah of all forms of deficiency and imperfection, and establishes our complete dependence upon Him and need of Him.

The hadith mentions that the phrase al-Hamdulillah fills the mizan (scales) and Subhanallah and al-Hamdulillah each fills (or both together fill) the space between the heavens and earth. The hadith shows the importance, greatness and significance of dhikr Allah or remembrance of Allah subhana wa ta'ala. For example, merely reciting one phrase such as Subhanallah gives rewards that fill the heavens! It shows just how important these phrases are for every Muslim. Some scholars stated that the full reward of reciting dhikr will be given to the person who recites them while thinking of their meaning and submitting to their implication. The hadith actually indicates the greatness of these phrases: al-Hamdulillah, Subhanallah wa al-Hamdulillah. The phrase Subhanallah can be recited alone or together with al-Hamdulillah as stated in the text of this hadith. This shows the worthiness of what is called al-Tasbih, glorifying Allah and al-Tahmid, praising and thanking Allah. Ibn Rajab stated that al-Tahmid is greater than al-Tasbih. It means that to be grateful and thankful to Allah is better than being in a state of Tasbih or glorifying Him and denying imperfection towards Him. The phrase 'al-Hamdulillah' shows gratitude and thankfulness to Allah. It is a positive concept while al-Tasbih is to deny any negative traits towards Almighty Allah and so al-Tahmid is better than al-Tasbih. Also, al-Hamdulillah is not just thankfulness to Allah. It involves more general aspects because it can be expressed both in words and actions. For example, when you do good deeds, it means al-Hamdulillah, just as when you say good words.

Prayer

And his* statement "the Salah (Prayer) is a Light" means that it prevents a person from sin, forbids him from fahsha' (lusts) and guides him towards that which is Right, just as one uses a light to illuminate ones way. And it has also been said that it means that its reward will be a light for the worshipper on the Day of Resurrection, or that it will be a clear and apparent light on the face of the worshipper on the Day of Resurrection, and also in this life in the form of beauty and radiance in his face. And this is the opposite of those who do not Pray, and Allah knows best.

Charity

The hadith further explains the role of sadaqah (charity) in our lives. It says charity is a burhan (proof) for the Muslim. Burhan literally means 'sunlight' in Arabic. This emphasises that charity is a bright and clear proof like the sunlight. It is a proof that reflects the iman of the believer. People who pay charity regularly for the sake of Allah express a strong iman. They feel the pleasure of iman in their hearts. Imam Ibn Rajab says that the reason why charity is an evidence of iman is that people usually love wealth and money and if they challenge this love and overpower their greed for the sake of Allah, they indeed have strong iman. And when the slave will be asked on the Day of Resurrection about how he spent his wealth, then his spending in charity will be a proof for him in answering that question, so he will say "I spent it in charity". And others have said that its meaning is that charity is a proof showing the Iman of the giver, since the hypocrite does not give charity as he does not believe in its prescription or benefit. So whoever spends in charity, then this is an indication of the strength of his Iman.

Patience

The hadith says "Patience is a dhiya' or brightness". According to Ibn Rajab, linguistically al-dhiya' (brightness) is different from al-nur (light). Al-dhiya' is more powerful than al-nur, because it not only gives out light but also heat, while al-nur gives out only a shining light. That is why in the Qur'an the term dhiya' is used for sunlight which, beside its light, has heat or high temperature, but the term al-nur is used for the moonlight which gives out only light and does not emit heat. Being patient is a very difficult and painful experience. It requires a lot of effort and struggle within. So when people control themselves and overcome impatience, they develop a good habit of self-control and become masters of their own selves. This is the real meaning of al-sabr or patience. Al-sabr literally means to 'withhold' or control something. It means to control the nafs and prevent it from being in a state of panic or impatience. It also means to prevent the tongue from complaining or saying negative things. People do not practice this value. They become impatient for minor reasons. They seem to be against the qadar and plans of Allah in their lives.

Imam Ibn Rajab says that there are three kinds of al-sabr or patience in Islam:

1. Al-Sabru ala da'ati allahi - to be patient in performing the acts of worship or ibadah of Allah.

2. Al-Sabru an ma'asi allahi - to be patient in the acts of avoiding sins (ma'asi) or disobedience of Allah.

3. Al-Sabru ala aqdari allahi - to be patient with the Qadar of Allah or His plans which are predestined by Him and happens to us in our lives.

Qur'an is a Proof

And as for his* statement "and the Qur'an is a Proof either for you or against you" then its meaning is clear that if one recites it and acts upon it, then one will attain great benefit from it, and if not then it will be a proof against us. So people who recite the Qur'an, learn it and practice its rulings are people who become the people of the Qur'an and it (the Qur'an) will be a proof for them. But those who ignore the Qur'an and never read or practice it in their lives, then the Qur'an will stand against them during the Day of Judgment. One of contemporary scholars observed that people do not read the Qur'an except when someone dies. They recite the Qur'an on a dead body but this is not the aim of the Qur'an. The Qur'an is revealed for the living and not for those who have passed away.

Selling your Soul

And his* statement "Every person starts his day as a vendor of his soul, either freeing it or causing its ruin" means that every person strives for his soul, so amongst mankind are those who sell themselves for Allah through their obeying Him, and thus free their souls from the Punishment, as Allah ta'ala has said : "Verily, Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their properties; for the price that theirs shall be Paradise". And whoever sells his soul for Shaytan and his desires through his following them, then he has destroyed his soul. The person who struggles to worship Allah and obeys Him is the one who frees himself and the person who indulges in sins is the one who destroys himself. According to the hadith, every morning when people go out of their houses they are either gaining rewards and profit or getting losses. If they work for Allah and obey Him they are winners, but if they violate the rules of Allah and disobey Him then they gain nothing but loss after loss.

News

Saudi Scholars ban marches

Saudi Arabia bans all marches as mass protest is planned for Friday
[see link above - click on it]
The Saudi Interior Ministry said the kingdom has banned all demonstrations because they contradict Islamic laws and social values. The ministry said some people have tried to get around the law to "achieve illegitimate aims" and it warned that security forces were authorised to act against violators. By way of emphasis, a statement broadcast on Saudi television said the authorities would "use all measures" to prevent any attempt to disrupt public order. 

As mentioned the Saudi Kings and princes are getting nervous because the Muslim Ummah is waking up and realising that they do not want to live under oppression and injustice. These puppet rulers will do anything, it seems, to stay in power and maintain their control over the Ummah and her wealth. They will use the army and media to stay in power. The kings in Arabia are also now claiming that it is unislamic to demonstrate – as they fear the will of the people. Hence, they have asked their ‘government scholars’ to come up with a fatwa to support their views. Muslims should be aware and very suspicious of scholars who are paid by the government as their loyalty will often be to the ruler and not to Allah.

Even a brief examination of the life of the Prophet* shows emphatically that demonstrations are permissible in Islam and were even used in the time of the Prophet*. Children in the Study Circle gave the example when Umer & Hamza marched around the Kaaba in two columns with the Prophet.  Also, the public gathering of Hasan bin Thabit when he demonstrated against the Quraish by reciting publicly his poems was a demonstration.

Homework from 06 March 2011: 

1. Seerah: What injuries happened to the Prophet* during Uhud and who injured him? 

2. What do you understand from the next (number 24) of Nawawi's 40 Hadith:

It was relayed on the authority of Abu Dhar al-Ghifari that the Prophet* said, of what he related from his Lord, magnified and exhalted be He, Who said: "O My servants, I have made oppression unlawful for Me and unlawful for you, so do not commit oppression against one another. O My servants, all of you are liable to err except for those whom I guide on the right path, therefore seek guidance from Me so that I should direct you to the right path. O My servants, all of you are hungry (needy) except for those whom I feed, therefore seek food from Me so that I may feed you. O My servants, all of you are naked (need clothes) except for those whom I provide garments, therefore seek clothing from Me so that I should clothe you. O My servants, you sin by night and by day and I am there to pardon your sins, therefore seek forgiveness from Me so that I should grant you pardon. O My servants, you can neither do Me any harm nor can you do Me any good. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and the whole human race of yours and that of Jinns become as pious as the most pious heart of any one amongst you, it will not add anything to My Power or Kingdom. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and the whole human race of yours and that of Jinns become as wicked as the most wicked heart of anyone amongst you, it will not decrease anything from My Power or Kingdom. O My servants, even if the first amongst you and the last amongst you and the whole human race of yours and that of Jinns gather together on a sector of land and all ask of Me and if I were to give everyone of them what they asked, that will not in any way decrease what I have anymore than a needle decreases what is in the ocean when it is put into it. O My servants, these deeds of yours which I am recording for you I shall reward you for them, so he who finds good should praise Allah and he who finds other than that should not blame anyone but himself." [Muslim] 

3. News Topics from this week: Any interesting news articles from the week that relate to Islam or the Muslims? Bring a clipping or print out if you can...

21 November 2010

21 November 2010

 

Seerah of Muhammed*

*: May the Peace, Blessings & Mercy of Allah be upon him
TMQ: Translation to the nearest meaning of the Qur’an


Death of Abu Jahl
The great tyrant Abu Jahl, however, on seeing the adverse course of the battle, tried to stop the tidal wave of the Islamic victory by nerving the polytheists and encouraging them by all means available and adjuring them by Al-Lat and ‘Uzza and all symbols of paganism to stand firm in place and retaliate against the Muslims, but to no avail. Abdur-Rahman bin Awf related the following interesting story in this regard: I was in the thick of the battle when two youths, still seemingly inexperienced in the art of fighting, one on the right and the second on the left. One of them spoke in a secret voice asking me to show him Abu Jahl. I asked about his intention, to which he replied, that he had a strong desire to engage with him in a combat until either of them was killed. It was something incredible to me. I turned left and the other said something to the same effect and showed a similar desire. I acceded to their earnest pleas and pointed directly at their target. They both rushed swiftly (like falcons) towards the spot, and without a moment’s hesitation struck him simultaneously with their swords and finished him off. Ikrimah, the son of Abu Jahl, then struck Mu'adh and all but severed his arm at the shoulder. Mu'adh went on fighting with his good arm, while the other hung limply by its skin at his side; but when it became too painful he stooped, and putting his foot on his dead hand jerked himself up, tore off the hanging limb, and continued fighting. They went back to the Prophet*, each claiming that he had killed Abu Jahl to the exclusion of the other. The Prophet* asked if they had wiped the blood off their swords and they answered that they had not. He then examined both swords and assured them that they both had killed him. When the battle concluded, Abu Jahl’s spoils were given to Mu‘adh bin Amr bin Al-Jumuh, because the other Mu‘awwadh bin Al-Afra was later killed in the course of the same battle.

At the end of the battle, the Prophet* wanted to look for this archenemy of Islam, Abu Jahl – who had done more than any other to stir up hatred of Islam amongst the people of Mecca. Abdullah bin Mas‘ud found him on the verge of death breathing his last. Abu Jahl still had enough life in him to recognise the enemy who now stood over him. Abd Allah had been the first man to recite the Qur’ran aloud in front of the Kaaba, and Abu Jahl had struck him a severe blow and wounded him in the face. He stepped on his neck addressing him: "Have you seen how Allah has disgraced you?" The enemy of Islam still defiantly answered: "I am not disgraced. I am no more than a man killed by his own people on the battlefield." And then inquired: "Who has won the battle?" Ibn Mas‘ud replied "Allah and His Messenger." Abu Jahl then said with a heart full of grudge "You have followed difficult ways, you shepherd!" Ibn Mas‘ud used to be a shepherd working for the Meccan aristocrats. Ibn Mas‘ud then cut off his head and took it to the Prophet* who, on seeing it, began to make Allah’s praise: "Allah is Great, praise is to Allah, Who has fulfilled His Promise, assisted His servant and defeated the confederates alone." He then set out to have a look at the corpse. There he said: "This is the Pharaoh of this nation."


Death of Umaiyah bin Khalaf
Abdur-Rahman ibn Awf was carrying coats of mail which he had taken as booty, and he passed by the Umaiyah bin Khalaf, who had lost his horse and was unable to escape. With him was his son Ali, whose hand he was holding. Umaiyah had been another arch-enemy of Islam as he had once almost strangled the Prophet*, and had the intestines of a camel put on the Prophet during his sujood by Uqbah as well as torturing Muslims himself (such as Bilal). Umaiyah called out to his one-time close friend during the pre-Islamic era: "Take me prisoner, for I am worth more than coats of mail." Abdur-Rahman agreed, and throwing down the mail he took him and his son each by a hand. Umaiyah also asked who fought with the ostrich feather across his chest. When he was told this was Hamzah - Umaiyah said that Hamzah had been a major reason for their defeat. But as he was leading them towards the camp Bilal saw them and recognised his former master and torturer. "Umaiyah," he exclaimed, "the head of disbelief! May I not live if he survives!" Abdur-Rahman protested that they were his prisoners, but Bilal repeated his cry: "May I not live if he survives!" "Will you not hear me, thou son of a black mother?" said the outraged Umaiyah, whereupon Bilal shouted with all the power of the voice that had won him the function of muezzin: "Oh Helpers of Allah, the head of disbelief, Umaiyah! May I not live if he survives!" Men came running from all sides and narrowly encircled Abdur-Rahman and his two captives. Ali was struck to the ground quickly. At this point, Abdur-Rahman called upon his old friend to run for his life but he was put to swords from different people and lay down dead. Abdur-Rahman used to say in after years: "Allah have mercy on Bilal! My coats of mail were lost to me, and he robbed me of my two prisoners."!


Utbah and the Well
When the Prophet* ordered that the corpses of the dead Quraish be dropped into an empty well and when the body of Utbah was being dragged towards it the face of his son Abu Hudhayfah turned pale. The Prophet* noticed that and asked him about it. Abu Hudhayfah said: "Oh Messenger of Allah, it is not that I question thy command as to my father and the place where they have thrown him. But I used to know him as a man of wise counsel, forbearance and virtue, and I had hoped that these qualities would lead him unto Islam; and when I saw what had befallen him, and when I remembered what state of disbelief he died in after my hopes for him, it saddened me." Then the Prophet blessed Abu Hudhayfah and spoke to him words of kindness.




Hadith
Nawawi’s Forty Hadith Number 10 (Purity – at-Tayyib)
On the authority of Abu Hurairah, who said: the messenger of Allah* said : "Allah the Almighty is good and accepts only that which is good. Allah has commanded the faithful to do that which he commanded the messengers, and the Almighty has said: "O ye messengers! Eat of the good things and do right". And Allah the Almighty has said: "O ye who believe! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you"
Then he mentioned [the case of] a man who, having journeyed far, is dishevelled and dusty and who spreads out his hands to the sky [saying]: "O Lord! O Lord!" - while his food is unlawful, his drink unlawful, his clothing unlawful, and he is nourished unlawfully, so how can he be answered!" [Muslim]


At-Tayyib when referring to Allah describes the fact that He is PURE and confirms Allah’s attributes of perfection and completeness. Hence, it is only fitting and right that He would only accept deeds and actions which are themselves pure and free from any pollution or unlawful (Haram) things. Our actions should not be spoiled by wrong intentions (like showing off) and must be allowed (Halal), as there is no concept in Islam of ‘the ends justify the means’. In Islam, both the means and the ends need to be from Islam and not from the Haram. Indeed, this is a constant message that Allah told to all the prophets: to do good, eat lawfully and avoid the prohibited things. Scholars have said that if we eat from the halal with the intention of obeying Allah and strengthening the body then the act of eating becomes a worship for which we will be rewarded. Even if we enjoy the Halal food without the above intention, we may still get rewarded by avoiding the Haram food. This is a measure of Allah’s Bounty.


And this is one of those ahadith upon which the Principles and Rulings of Islam are built. And in it is encouragement towards spending upon that which is Halal, and forbiddance from spending upon that which is other than that. And that what is eaten, and what is drunk and what is worn, and all such similar things should be purely Halal, without any doubt in them. And that whosoever wishes to supplicate to Allah should humble and submit himself before his Lord with that which is Halal. And from the hadith we also understand that when the slave spends upon the good, Halal things then these things purify him and bring him prosperity. And that delicious and tasty food which is not permissible to eat will instead be a source of evil and punishment, and the actions of the slave will then not be acceptable by Allah. Hence, some scholars have said that if the way in which we get the money (stealing, gambling, selling alcohol or other Haram jobs) is Haram then anything bought with that money is tainted an impure; and they say that you cannot steal and use that money for Hajj or take interest and give that as charity. Any repentance needs to be sincere and true and cannot happen if people persist in the sin.

And his* statement "Then he mentioned [the case] of a man who, having journeyed far, is dishevelled and dusty ..." then its meaning is best known by Allah. But we know from other ahadith that the supplication (du’a) of the traveller is more readily acceptable to Allah, and a 'long journey' could be from amongst the actions of worship, such as the Hajj or Jihad or other than that from the pious actions. Other times when the du’a is more readily accepted is during Jihad, during sickness, during prostration or the last third of the night, Even in this case his supplication is still not accepted because his food, drink and clothing are Haram. Haram clothing could include those things that we are not allowed – such as silk for men or wearing clothes that are associated with different religions.




And his* statement: "who spreads out his hands to the sky" means that he raises his hands in supplication to Allah, while at the same time he is opposing His commands and is sinning. And his* statement: "so how can [his supplication] be answered ?!" and in another narration "so how can he be answered because of that ?!", means that there cannot be an answer for the one who possesses such characteristics. We talked before about those that fast but still backbite and steal – and many argue what is the benefit of one with the other? Such a person cannot be amongst those whose supplication will be answered, unless Allah the Almighty does so out of His infinite Grace and Kindness and Generosity, and Allah knows best.



This hadith also tells us of some of the manners (Adaab) of du’a, such as raising the hands to the sky and being humble in our du’a, as well as some of the best times to make du’a (such as a long journey). Also, we should be eager in our du’a and ask our Lord with sincerity (like saying ‘Ya Rabb, Ya Rabb’) as this highlights our need of Allah and His Mercy for us.



News Topic: Hajj & Eid
Eid Mubarak Everyone !

A short discussion of some of the meaning of the Hajj and the origins of the ceremonies. Also, the significance of Eid was discussed. For further explanation of these, please see the previous Study Circle Notes from last year (click on link): 29 November 2009

Homework for next week ~ Some reasons why Abu Jahl was killed in Battle; What happened to the nobles in the well (Kulaib); and talk about your favourite Hadith from the first 10 of Nawawi's 40 Hadith.